Biology Topic 5 - 2/2

Question 1

What are Hormones

Answer 1

Chemical messengers sent into blood and only affect target organs

Question 2

What is the role of the endocrine system

Answer 2

The endocrine system consists of 6 glands which secrete hormones around the body through the bloodstream

Question 3

What is the role of Testes

Answer 3

Produces testosterone which controls puberty and sperm production

Question 4

What is the role of Ovaries

Answer 4

Produces oestrogen which is involved in menstrual cycle

Question 5

What is the role of Thyroid

Answer 5

Produces thyroxine which involved in regulating things like rate of metabolism, temperature and heart rate

Question 6

What is the role of Pancreas

Answer 6

Produces insulin which regulates your blood glucose level

Question 7

What is the role of Adrenal Gland

Answer 7

Produces adrenaline which prepares the body for the fight or flight response

Question 8

What is the role of the Pituitary gland

Answer 8

Produces many hormones which regulates body conditions. This is called the master gland because the hormones act on other glands directing them to release hormones which bring about change

Question 10

What happens when the level of blood glucose is too high

Answer 10

The pancreas detects this and produces and releases insulin into the blood. Insulin triggers the body cells to absorb the glucose and also triggers the liver to store excess glucose in the form of glycogen which is insoluble

Question 11

What happens when the level of blood glucose is too low

Answer 11

The pancreas detects this change and releases glucagon in the blood stream. The glucagon stimulates the liver cell to convert glycogen into glucose which is released in the blood which causes the level to raise to optimum level

Question 12

What is type 1 diabetes and how can it be treated

Answer 12

Type 1 diabetes is when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin which means that there is more glucose in the blood. Patients have to inject themselves with insulin

Question 13

What is type 2 diabetes and how can it be treated and what is the risk factor

Answer 13

Type 2 diabetes is when the body cells do not respond d to insulin production by the pancreas. The patients are treated with a diet which is controls the level of carbohydrates and are encouraged to exercise. The risk factor is obesity

Question 14

What is ovulation

Answer 14

When every 28 days, an egg is released from the ovary

Question 15

What happens to the uterus lining when a egg is released

Answer 15

In preparation for an egg being released, the uterus lining becomes thick and spongy the egg makes it down to the uterus

Question 16

What happens when an egg is released by the ovary and a sperm is present

Answer 16

If a sperm is present, when the egg reaches the uterus, the egg is fertilised and implants the uterus wall and develops a baby

Question 17

What happens when an egg is released by the ovary and a sperm is present but does not get fertilised

Answer 17

If the egg does not get fertilised by the sperm, the egg and the uterus lining are released in the form of blood which is called a period

Question 18

What is the role of a Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

Answer 18

Causes an egg to mature in the ovary

Question 19

What is the role of the Luteinising hormone (LH)

Answer 19

Causes the egg to be released or called ovulation

Question 20

What is the role of the Oestrogen Hormone

Answer 20

ContainsProgesterone maintains the uterus lining in case the egg fertilised and implants

Question 21

What is contraception

Answer 21

Contraception is the use of medicine which prevents the body from producing FSH follicle stimulating hormones so it prevents the eggs from maturing

Question 22

What are advantages, disadvantages and side effects of contraception

Answer 22

Advantages is that it is highly effective if taken correctly
Disadvantages is that it must be taken everyday or there is a risk of pregnancy
Risk factors are risk of breast cancer and blood clots

Question 23

What are three hormonal forms of contraception

Answer 23

Implants, injection and skin patch

Question 24

What is the use of the hormonal forms of contraception

Answer 24

Contain progesterone which stops eggs from maturing in the ovaries and being released

Question 25

What is a advantage and disadvantage of hormonal forms of contraception

Answer 25

Advantage is that it is better than taking daily pills
Disadvantage is that they dont protect against STD’s

Question 26

What are two barrier Contraceptions and there use

Answer 26

Condoms and Diaphram which prevents the sperm from getting to the egg

Question 27

What are Advantages and Disadvantages of Condoms and Diaphrams

Answer 27

Advantage is that they do not have side effects and protect against STD’s because they do not use hormones
Disadvantages is that the condoms can break or slip off

Question 28

What is a way that condoms and diaphram can be more effective

Answer 28

By using spermicides gel which kills the sperm to reduce chances of fertilisation

Question 29

What is a Intrauterine device (IUD)

Answer 29

An Intrauterine device is a device which women use to prevent the embryo from implanting

Question 30

What are pros and cons of IUD

Answer 30

pros of IUD is that it is highly effective as it can prevent pregnancy for up to 10 yrs and have few side effects
Cons is that it does not protectc against STD’s