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S3 > Biology- the heart > Flashcards

Biology- the heart Flashcards

1
Q

How is blood transported around the body

A

It is pumped around the body and is transported in blood vessels

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2
Q

In mammals what does the blood contain

A

Plasma , red blood cells and white blood cells

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3
Q

What does the blood transport

A

Nutrients , oxygen and carbon dioxide

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4
Q

How are red blood cells specialised

A

Biconcave in shape
No nucleus
Contain haemoglobin

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5
Q

When oxygen is added with haemoglobin what is created

A

Oxyhaemoglobin

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6
Q

What is the function of haemoglobin

A

It binds with oxygen where the oxygen concentration is high and forms oxyhaemoglobin

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7
Q

Blood with a high concentration of oxygen is described as ….

A

Oxygenated

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8
Q

Describe white blood cells

A

White blood cells are part of the immune system and are involved in destroying pathogens

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9
Q

What do phagocytes carry out

A

Phagocytosis

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10
Q

What do some lymphocytes produce

A

Antibodies to destroy pathogens

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11
Q

Is each pathogens specific to a particular antibody

A

Yes

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12
Q

Do the arteries carry blood away or into the heart

A

Away

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13
Q

Do veins carry blood into or away from the heart

A

Into

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14
Q

Describe two features of the arteries

A

Thick muscular walls

Narrow channel

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15
Q

Describe two features of the veins

A

Thin walls

Wider channel

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16
Q

What blood vessel contain valves

A

Veins

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17
Q

what is the function of valves

A

To prevent the backflow of blood

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18
Q

What do capillaries do

A

Form networks at organs and tissues

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19
Q

Name two features of the capillaries

A

Thin walls

Large surface area

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20
Q

What does forming networks at tissues do

A

Allows efficient exchange of materials

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21
Q

What is the heart

A

A muscular organ

22
Q

What is the hearts function

A

To pump blood

23
Q

The heart consists of four chambers names….

A

Right and left arteries

Right and left ventricles

24
Q

The blood going into the vena cava (vein) is oxygenated or deoxygenated?

A

Deoxygenated

25
Q

The blood going in the pulmonary vein and out the aorta is oxygenated or deoxygenated

A

Oxygenated

26
Q

The blood coming out the pulmonary artery is oxygenated or deoxygenated

A

Deoxygenated

27
Q

Name the pathway of oxygenated blood

A

Pulmonary vein
Left atrium
Left ventricle
Aorta

28
Q

Name the pathway of deoxygenated blood

A 
Body 
Vena cava
Right atrium 
Right ventricle 
Pulmonary artery 
Lungs
29
Q

does the vena cava carry blood into or away from the heart

A

Into the heart - because it’s a vein

30
Q

does the vena cava carry blood into or away from the heart

A

Into the heart - because it’s a vein

31
Q

does the vena cava carry blood into or away from the heart

A

Into the heart - because it’s a vein

32
Q

Does the pulmonary vein carry blood into the heart of lungs

A

Lungs

33
Q

what do the coronary arteries supply the heart with

A

Oxygen and glucose to ensure the muscle cells respire

34
Q

what could happen of the coronary arteries were blocked

A

A heart attack

35
Q

What must happen for respiration

A

Oxygen and nutrients from food must be absorbed into the blood stream to be delivered to cells

36
Q

what allows the exchange of materials at cellular levels

A

Tissues that contain capillary networks

37
Q

What do the surfaces involved in the absorption of materials have in common

A

Large surface area
Thin walls
Extensive blood supply

These all increase the efficiency of absorption

38
Q

What do the surfaces involved in the absorption of materials have in common

A

Large surface area
Thin walls
Extensive blood supply

These all increase the efficiency of absorption

39
Q

What are lungs

A

Gas exchange organs

40
Q

What do they consist of

A

A large number of alveoli which provides a large surface area

41
Q

What are oxygen and carbon dioxide absorbed through

A

Thin alveolar walls to or from the many blood capillaries

42
Q

What do alveolis have

A

Large surface area
Thin walls
Extensive blood supply

43
Q

What to cells in the lining of the trachea , bronchi and bronchioles produce

A

Sticky mucus

44
Q

What does sticky mucus do

A

Traps dirt and microbes

45
Q

What is digestion

A

When larger molecules are broken down into smaller ones

46
Q

What is peristalsis

A

The process used to move food through the digestive system

47
Q

What is absorption

A

The movement of digested food molecules through the walk of the intestine into the blood

48
Q

Where are the nutrients from food absorbed

A

Into the villi in the small intestine

49
Q

What does the number of thin walled villi provide

A

A large surface area

50
Q

What does the large surface area and thin walls absorb

A

Glucose and amino acids

51
Q

What does the network of capillaries absorb

A

Glucose and amino acids

52
Q

What does the lacteal absorb

A

Fatty acids and glycerol

S3 (6 decks)

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