biology test 2 - Respiratory system

Question 1

Breathing

Answer 1

• The physical act of inhaling and exhaling
• Inhales oxygen into lungs and exhales Co2
  out of the lungs

Question 2

Respiration

Answer 2

• Is a chemical process for producing energy from nutrients and O2.
• Happens in individuals cells and the energy is used to to sustain the functions of life.

Question 3

Inhalation

Answer 3

• Diaphragm contracts, thoracic activity expands.
• pressure in the cavity decreases compared to the outside air.
• Air rushes in to make the pressures equal.

Question 4

Exhalation

Answer 4

• Diaphragm releases, thoracic activity reduces in size.
• Pressure in the cavity increases.
• air rushes out to make pressures equal.

Question 5

gas exchange in lungs

Answer 5

• Deoxygenated blood that leaves the pulmonary artery and goes to the lungs undergoes gas exchange through the alveoli and capillaries.
• Inhaled oxygen within the alveoli is absorbed by the capillaries through the diffusion of their thin walls and is transferred to the deoxygenated blood. Co2 is transferred to the alveoli.

Question 6

Gas exchange in cells

Answer 6

• Takes place between capillaries and cells.
• O2 diffuses into the cell and Co2 diffuses out of the cell.

Question 7

Functions of the respiratory system

Answer 7

• Breathing process
• exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
• enable speech production
• cleans the air so pollutants, dust, etc. do not enter the lower respiratory system.