biology test 2 - Digestive system

Question 1

How are nutrients absorbed into the body

Answer 1

Digestion

Question 2

Ingestion

Answer 2

Food must be first broken down mechanically with the teeth and then chemically with the enzymes from the saliva. After being broken down and softened into a substance called a bolus it makes its way through the esophagus.

Question 3

Digestion

Answer 3

The esophagus is made up of muscles that connect the mouth to the stomach. The stomach churns the food and moves it with enzymes, while the hydrochloric acid destroys any bacteria left on the food.

The duodenum is where most of the digestion takes place. The liver, gallbladder, and pancreas release more digestive juices and enzymes that help break down the now frothy substance called chyme into amino acids, glucose, glycerol, and fatty acids making it easy for bodily absorption.

Question 4

Absorption

Answer 4

The large intestine absorbs water, salt, and vitamins while undigested food is moved to the rectum for storage before being eliminated through the anus as feces.

Question 5

Elimination

Answer 5

Waste is excreted from the body