Biology Test 2 Flashcards
What is the major muscle of a respiratory system?
Diaphragm
Explain how the diaphragm helps us breathe
When the diaphragm expands it moves downward and creates more room for us to inhale air one it Relaxes it moves upwards to help us exhale air
Which part holds the vocal cords
Larynx
Where does gas exchange occur?
In the alveoli. Oxygen from the long goes into the alveoli, and from there, the oxygen goes into the capillary bloodstream which surrounds the Avioli CO2 from the bloodstream goes into the Alviola where it is exceeded out.
What is the function of the valves in a heart? and what are their names?
 their names are the tricuspid valve, the pulmonary valve, the mitral valve and the aortic valve. Their job is to make sure the blood is going in the right direction and to prevent backflow of the blood between the different chambers of the heart
Explain the function of a superior vena cava in inferior vena cava
The superior vena cava brings deoxygenated blood from the upper half of the body, including the brain, arms, etc., the inferior vena cava brings deoxygenated blood from the lower half of the body, the legs stomach, etc., into the right atrium
What is the difference between arteries and veins?
Arteries bring blood away from the heart and veins bring blood towards the heart veins carry deoxygenated blood and arteries carry oxygenated blood. The only exception is pulmonary veins and artery, which then the rules are reversed.
What are the functions of the descending aorta and the ascending aorta?
The ascending aorta brings oxygenated blood to the upper half of the body, and the descending aorta brings oxygenated blood to the lower half of the body
What are the four chambers of the heart?
The right and left atrium and the left and right ventricle
Function of the liver
Liver produces bile and that bile helps digest fat the liver also filters out toxins and waste such as drugs and alcohol
Function of the gallbladder
Stores bile from the liver and releases it into the small intestine
What digestive structure releases digestive enzymes to digest, fats, carbohydrates, and proteins, and also regulates blood sugar by producing insulin?
The pancreas
What digestive structure, absorbs water and helps to concentrate waste and also absorbs more water from indigestible foods
Large intestine
What digestive structure produces digestive enzymes and performs chemical digestion using bile the new trans from the food diffusers into the bloodstream through their walls. their walls are lined with. small finger like projectors called villi.
The small intestine
What is the difference between mechanical digestion and chemical digestion?
Mechanical digestion is when nutrients are broken down mechanically through processes, such as grinding, or chewing an example of this is chewing in the mouth chemical digestion is when humans are broken down, using chemicals, such as bile in the stomach
What is the main function of the respiratory system?
To facilitate gas exchange and bring oxygen into the body and bloodstream and carbon dioxide out of the body
is the wave-like muscle contractions that move food and liquids through the digestive tract.
Peristalsis
The process of where cells, transform glucose and oxygen into energy
Cellular respiration
Where are soul you to goes from an area of high concentration to low concentration
Diffusion
How does the respiratory system depend on the circulatory system?
The respiratory system depends on the circulatory system because The circulatory system distributes the oxygen brought into the lungs to the rest of the body cells, and it brings carbon dioxide produced by the body cells to the lungs For exhalation
Explain how the digestive system depends on the circulatory system
Did I just system depends on the circulatory system because the circulatory system takes the nutrients from the digestive system and transport them into the rest of the body cells
Explain how the circulatory system depends on the respiratory system
The circulatory system depends on the respiratory system to exchange gases. The respiratory system brings oxygen into the lungs, where it enters the blood. The circulatory system then transports oxygen to tissues and carries carbon dioxide, a waste product, back to the lungs to be exhaled. Together, they ensure proper oxygen supply and removal of waste gases.
Explain how the digestive system depends on the respiratory system
The digestive system depends on the respiratory system for oxygen to power digestive processes and remove carbon dioxide.
When there is balance in the body and all the organs and systems work together properly
Homeostasis
Explain with references to what is happening at the cellular level, how the respiratory and circulatory system work together to maintain homeostasis when you are exercising
When exercising The cells need more oxygen and glucose so your respiratory and circulatory system work harder and faster to support your cells. I.e. heart, beating faster and breathing becomes more consistent.
This system supports the body allows movement and protects the body
Skeletal system
This system works with the skeletal system to provide movement and move materials within the body
Muscular system
This system uses indigestion, digestion, absorption of nutrients elimination of solid waste
Digestive system
Exchange of gases happens in the system
Respiratory system
This system transports materials, such as oxygen nutrients hormones and wastes within the body
Circulatory system
This system controls body functions and coordinates responses and activities
Nervous system
Reproduction occurs in this system
Reproductive system
This system eliminates wastes using the kidneys, bladder, urethra, etc.
Excretory system
The alveoli of the lungs the lining of stomach and the walls of the intestines are structures to increase to increase their surface area. How would increasing their surface area help the organs carry out their function
The more of something there is, the more efficient it will be
