Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Grade 10 Science > Biology Terms > Flashcards

Biology Terms Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Cell theory

A

Theory that all living things are made up of one or more cells, that cells are the basic unit of life, and that all cells come from pre-existing cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Prokaryote

A

Cell that does not contain a nucleus or other membrane/bound organelles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Eukaryote

A

Cell that contains a nucleus and other organelles, each surrounded by a thin membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Organelle

A

Cell structure that performs a specific function for the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

DNA

A

The material in the nucleus of a cell that contains of the cells genetic information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Asexual reproduction

A

Process of producing offspring from only one parent; production of offspring that are genetically identical to the parent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Sexual reproduction

A

Process of producing offspring by the fusion of two gametes; the production of offspring that have genetic information from each parent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Diffusion

A

A transport mechanism for moving chemicals into and out of the cell, from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Osmosis

A

The movement of fluid, usually water, across a membrane toward an area of high solute concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Interphase

A

Phase of the cell cycle during which the cell performs its normal functions and its genetic material is copied in preparation for cell division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Mitosis

A

Stage of cell cycle in which DNA in the nucleus is divided the first part of the cell cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Cytokinesis

A

Stage in the cell cycle when the cytoplasm divides to form two identical cells; the final part of cell division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Daughter cell

A

One of two genetically identical, new cells the result from the division of one parent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Prophase

A

First stage of mitosis, in which the chromosomes become visible and the nuclear membrane dissolves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Chromosomes

A

Structure in the cell nucleus made up of a portion of the cells DNA, condensed into a structure that is visible under a microscope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Chromatid

A

One of two identical strands of DNA that make up a chromosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Centromere

A

The structure that holds chromatids together as chromosomes

18
Q

Metaphase

A

Second stage of mitosis in which chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

19
Q

Anaphase

A

Third stage of mitosis, in which the sister chromatids separate into daughter chromosomes, and each move toward opposite ends of the cell

20
Q

Telophase

A

Final stage of mitosis, in which chromatids unwind and a nuclear membrane reforms around the chromosomes at each end of the cell

21
Q

Tumour

A

A mass of cells that continue to grow and divide without any obvious function in the body

22
Q

Benign tumour

A

A tumour that does not affect surrounding tissues other than by physically crowding them

23
Q

Malignant tumour

A

A tumour that interferes with the functioning of surrounding cells; a cancerous tumour

24
Q

Mutation

A

A random change in the DNA

25
Q

Carcinogens

A

Any environmental factor that causes cancer

26
Q

Pap test

A

Test that involves taking a sample of cervical cells to determine if they are growing abnormally

27
Q

Biophotonics

A

The technology of using light energy to diagnose, monitor, and treat living cells and organisms

28
Q

Specialized cell

A

A cell that can preform a specific function

29
Q

Hierarchy

A

Organizational structure, with more complex or important things at the top and simpler or less important things below it

30
Q

Tissue

A

A collection of similar cells that preform a particular, but limited, function

31
Q

Organ

A

A structure composed of different tissues working together to preform a complex body function

32
Q

Organ system

A

A system of one or more organs and structures that work together to preform a major vital body function such as digestion or reproduction

33
Q

Epithelial tissue (Epithelium)

A

A thin sheet of tightly packed cells that covers body surface and lines internal organs and body cavities

34
Q

Connective tissues

A

A specialized tissues that provides support and protection for various parts of the body

35
Q

Muscle tissue

A

Group of specialized tissues containing proteins that can contract and enable the body to move

36
Q

Nerve tissue

A

Specialized tissue that conducts electrical signals from one part of the body to another

37
Q

Cellular differentiation

A

The process by which a cell becomes specialized to preform a specific function

38
Q

Stem cell

A

An undifferentiated cell that can divide to form specialized cells

39
Q

Artery

A

A thick-walled blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart

40
Q

Vein

A

A blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart

41
Q

Capillary

A

Tiny, thin-walled blood vessel that enables exchange of gasses, nutrients, and wastes between the blood and the body tissue

Grade 10 Science (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions