Biology Semester

Question 1

What is homeostasis?

Answer 1

When organisms maintain a stable, internal environment

Question 2

What does the work of science begin with?

Answer 2

Carful observations

Question 3

What is a controlled experiment?

Answer 3

When one variable is changed at a time and all other variables are controlled during the experiment

Question 4

How does science differ from other disciplines?

Answer 4

Requires facts and experimentation

Question 5

When is a hypothesis useful?

Answer 5

When it is testable?

Question 6

Where may a hypothesis come from?

Answer 6

A question about an observation or inference

Question 7

What is spontaneous generation?

Answer 7

Idea that life can arise from nonliving matter

Question 8

What is not the goal of science and how it works?

Answer 8

Something that can’t be proven or tested

Question 9

What is an inference?

Answer 9

Logical interpretation based on prior knowledge or observation

Question 10

Why do scientists need to publish details of important work?

Answer 10

So they can replicate each other’s experiments and compare data for further testing

Question 11

A tissue is composed of what?

Answer 11

Individual cells that perform specific tasks

Question 12

What is a theory?

Answer 12

A very well supported hypothesis

Question 13

What is osmosis?

Answer 13

Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

Question 14

What is biology?

Answer 14

Science that seeks to understand the living world

Question 15

What are ribosomes?

Answer 15

Small particles in the cell on which proteins are assembled; made of RNA and protein; found in the cytoplasm

Question 16

What are chromosomes?

Answer 16

Threadlike structures within the nucleus containing genetic material that is passed down form one generation to the next

Question 17

What is the cell wall?

Answer 17

Strong supporting layer around cell membrane found only in plants

Question 18

What is the cell membrane?

Answer 18

Thin, flexible barrier around the cell and regulates what comes in and out of the cell

Question 19

What are the characteristics of living things?

Answer 19

1. Reproduce
2. Based on universal genetic code
3. Made of cells
4. Grow and develop
5. Obtain energy and materials
6. Respond to surrounding environment
7. Change overtime

Question 20

What is the nucleus?

Answer 20

Found in the center of the cell or atom; control center; makes all decisions of the cell; protons and neutrons are in the nucleus of an atom

Question 21

What is metabolism?

Answer 21

Combination of reactions in which organisms build up or breakdown material

Question 22

What is a microscope?

Answer 22

Device that produce magnified images that are too small to small to be seen with the unaided eye

Question 23

What is a compound light microscope?

Answer 23

Microscope that allows light to pass through a specimen and uses two lenses to make an image

Question 24

What is the mitochondria?

Answer 24

Organelle that converts chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for cell use(powerhouse)

Question 25

What are the chloroplasts?

Answer 25

Organelles found in plants that use sun energy to make chemical energy

Question 26

What is a cell culture?

Answer 26

Group of cells that develop from a single, original cell

Question 27

What is the Golgi apparatus?

Answer 27

Organelle that modifies, sorts, packages, and organizes proteins and make proteins using coded instructions from the nucleus

Question 28

What are lysosomes?

Answer 28

Organelle filled with enzymes needed to remove or breakdown material in the cell

Question 29

What are the charges of the three atomic particles?

Answer 29

Proton- positive Electron- negative Neutron- neutral

Question 30

What is the function of the cytoskeleton?

Answer 30

Network of protein filaments that helps cell move and keep its shape

Question 31

What is the function of the cell wall?

Answer 31

Support and protect the cell

Question 32

What did Democritus believe about atoms?

Answer 32

They couldn't be divided

Question 33

How do you find the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in a element?

Answer 33

Electrons- same as protons Protons- atomic number Neutrons- subtract electrons from atomic mass

Question 34

What cell has no cell wall?

Answer 34

Animal

Question 35

What is the difference between prokaryotes and eukaryote?

Answer 35

P- don't have a nucleus | E- have a nucleus

Question 36

What are isotopes?

Answer 36

Atoms of the same element with a different number of electrons

Question 37

What is a species?

Answer 37

Similar organisms that can breed and produce

Question 38

What are populations?

Answer 38

Groups of species that live in the same area

Question 39

What is ecology?

Answer 39

Scientific study of interactions among organisms and their environment

Question 40

What is a biome?

Answer 40

Group of ecosystems that have the same climate and dominant communities

Question 41

What is the biosphere?

Answer 41

Part of earth in which life exists including land, water, and air

Question 42

What is a community?

Answer 42

All populations that live together in a defined area

Question 43

Who was Aton van Leeuwenhoek?

Answer 43

First person to use a microscope to study nature

Question 44

Who was Robert Hooke?

Answer 44

Discovered cells by looking through a cork through a microscope. Compared the chambers in a cork to a cell

Question 45

What are covalent and ionic bonds?

Answer 45

Covalent- shares electrons between atoms | Ionic- transfer electrons between atoms

Question 46

What are autotrophs and heterotrophs?

Answer 46

A- producers that make their own food from light energy | H- consumers that rely on other organisms for food and energy

Question 47

What is a food chain and a food web?

Answer 47

FC- series of step in a ecosystem where organisms transfer energy by eating or being eaten(energy-90% is lost as heat, 10% is transferred) FW- all food chains in an ecosystem(producers are always on the first level)

Question 48

What are the two ways water enters the atmosphere in a water cycle?

Answer 48

Evaporation and transpiration

Question 49

What is a observation?

Answer 49

Things that can be observed using the five senses

Question 50

What is the order of the levels of organization?

Answer 50

Species, population, community, biome, and biosphere

Question 51

What is the goal of science?

Answer 51

To investigate the natural world, understand the natural world, and to explanations to make useful predictions