Biology section 7 Knowledge organizer Flashcards
What is the order of the food chain
producer
primary consumer
secondary consumer
tertiary consumer
What are the steps of the predator-prey cycles
prey population increases
more food available for predators
their population increases
then leads to decrease in prey
then decrease in predators
which then leads to the cyle to restart
List biotic factors
Availability of food
New predators arriving
New pathogens
One species outcompeting another
List abiotic factors
Light intensity
Temp
moisture levels
oxygen
wind
co2
soil ph. ,mineral content
What are the three adaptations
Structural Adaptation
Functional
Behavioural
What is structural adaptation
Part of the body that helps the organism survive
What is functional adaptation
How the body operates that helps the organism survive
What is behavioural adaptations
A behaviour that helps the organism survive
What are the carbon cycle steps
photosynthesis
respiration
decay
combustion
What are the water cycle steps
Evaporation
Condensation
precipitation
Three ways to maintain biodiversity
Breeding programmes for endangered species
Reduction of deforestation
Recycling resources
What is the purpose of random sampling
Estimate the size of a population in an area
What is the method for Random sampling
- choose an amount of quadrats
2.assign coordinates to the area
3.randomly choose coordinates - place quadrats and count organisms present
- calculate mean
What is the purpose of systematic sampling
See how populations and communities change over a distance
What is the method for systematic sampling
- use a tape measure to create the transect
2.put quadrats at set distances
3.Count organisms present
4.repeat in different place/time of year
5.draw graphs to see the change over a distance
Why does the human activity of () happen
Why does the human activity of (polluting water with fertiliser and sewage) happen
Farmer spread fertiliser on fiels. rain washes it into rivers and ponds. sewage is realsed directly into rivers
Why does the human activity of (Using land) happen
Humans construct buildings, create quarries and farms.
Why does the human activity of (Destroying peat bogs) happen
Human use peat to provide compost to increase food production
Why does the human activity of (Deforestation) happen
To provide land for cattle and rice fields. to grow crops for biofuels
Why does the human activity of (producing acidic gases) happen
Combustion of fossil fuels release sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. these gases dissolve in water making it acidic
Why does the human activity of (polluting water with toxic chemicals) happen
Pesticides and other toxic chemicals are wahsed into rivrs and lakes by rain
Why does the human activity of (increasing temp of the planet) happen
Humans release extra greenhouse gasse into the atmosphere and less co2 is absorbed by plants through photosyntisis. Greenhouse gases absorb heat and stop it escaping to space
What are the effects of the human activity(Polluting water with fertiliser and sewage)
Fertilisers and sewage cause an increase in growth of algae. When the algae die, they are decomposed by bacteria that use oxygen. Other animals die due to a lack of oxygen. This is called Eutrophication
What are the effects of the human activity()
Habitat for plants and animals is reduced
What are the effects of the human activity()
Removes habitat, reducing biodiversity. Decay or burning of peat produces co2. this contributes to global warming
What are the effects of the human activity()
Burning or decomposing trees releases CO2. Fewer trees to remove CO2 from the atmosphere. This contributes to global warming. Loss of biodiversity.
What are the effects of the human activity()
Acid rain. Damages plants. Can cause rivers and lakes to become acidic, killing animals and plants.
What are the effects of the human activity()
Toxic chemicals accumulate in animals. The further up the food chain, the greater the accumulation. Top predators die or fail to breed.
What are the effects of the human activity()
Toxic chemicals accumulate in animals. The further up the food chain, the greater the accumulation. Top predators die or fail to breed.
