Biology Quiz Flashcards
When does mitosis begin?
Right after interphase.
What are the 3 phases of interphase?
G1, S, G2
How are chromatid pairs held together?
By centromere
The cell only carries out normal/everyday activities in which phase? (Such as growth)
G1
How long can the G1 phase last?
days to years
What does the S phase do?
It gives cells enough material to fully supply 2 cells after division.
How many phases in a cell cycle?
4
When does G2 phase begin?
Once the cell has replicated it’s genetic material.
What is G2 phase?
Cellular organelles are produced to supply the new cells.
Name a few cell organelles that supply new cells…
Mitochondria, Ribosomes, Organelles
What is mitosis?
Nuclear division.
What is G1?
Resting stage of the cell.
When does the S phase begin?
When surface area to volume imbalance occurs.
What does mitosis do?
Mitosis focuses on genetic material of cells & spindle fibers began to appear. (Opposite ends)
What happens in prophase?
- Nucleus starts to disappear.
2. Chromatin pairs AKA sister chromatids are formed.
What is cytokinesis?
The splitting of cells.
What does chromatin do?
Pulls together & forms pairs of rope like structures called chromatin pairs.
What does it mean to maintain homeostasis?
Constantly changes structure to keep up with it’s changing environment.
Why do cells split?
Cells have to reproduce when surface area can no longer support the much larger volume with nutrients and needs to remove wastes.
When does metaphase begin?
When chromatid pairs line up along the center of the cell.
In metaphase why do cells line up along the equator/center?
to make it possible for the chromatids to position themselves so they can migrate to the opposite poles of the cell.
What does cyto mean?
The cell
What is the S phase?
When genetic material makes copies of itself.
What is anaphase?
Phase when chromatids actually migrate to the opposite poles of the cell.
How does chromatid move to opposite sides of the cell?
It pairs/split (Kayro, Kinesis) spindle fibers come pulling toward the pole contact.
What is Kinesis?
To move
What is karyo?
Nucleus/center
When does telophase begin?
When spindle fibers are gone and the nucleus reappears.
In the end of anaphase, what reappears,
Nucleus
In the end of anaphase, what disappears?
Spindle fibers
How long does telophase continue?
Continues until the cell splits in 2 (cytokinesis)
What results from telophase?
2 daughter cells in mitosis.
What are cells like in the end of telophase?
They are smaller then the original cell and are also identical in number & type of chromosomes.
If there is a lower concentration of water inside the cell what happens to the cell?
Turgid pressure increases.
If there is a higher concentration of water inside the cell what happens to the cell?
Plasmolysis
