Biology Quiz 11.1 - 11.2

Question 1

built-in maintenance of a stable internal environment

Answer 1

homeostasis

Question 2

consists of the skin and various glands associated with it, functions as a means of communication between your body and the outside world, as an organ of secretion, and as a shield to prevent your body from drying out and to protect you from bacteria and viruses

Answer 2

integumentary system

Question 3

covers the outside of the body; body’s largest organ

Answer 3

skin

Question 4

part of the skin that is exposed to the environment

Answer 4

epidermis

Question 5

When the epidermal cells of the scalp replenish themselves too rapidly, the dead skin cells begin to flake

Answer 5

dandruff

Question 6

a tough, water-proof protein fiber, is manufactured in the cytoplasm, strengthening and hardening the cell

Answer 6

keratin

Question 7

pigment of the skin

Answer 7

melanin

Question 8

Beneath the epidermis is the most complex layer of the skin

Answer 8

dermis

Question 9

Underneath the dermis is a layer of tissue called what?

Answer 9

subcutaneous layer

Question 10

a natural process that protects the body from the harmful ultraviolet rays of the sun

Answer 10

tanning

Question 11

vertical tube in the dermis designed to manufacture hair

Answer 11

hair follicle

Question 12

hair follicle is also the attachment for a group of smooth muscle cells called what?

Answer 12

arrector pili

Question 13

oil that waterproofs your skin and keeps it soft and flexible

Answer 13

sebum

Question 14

help regulate body temperature

Answer 14

sweat glands

Question 15

removal of waste substances from the body

Answer 15

excretion

Question 16

a major part of the excretory system, excretes the liquid waste urine

Answer 16

urinary system

Question 17

most important excretory
organs; their primary function is to cleanse the blood of wastes and remove those wastes from the body

Answer 17

kidneys

Question 18

stores urine until it is discharged to the outside through the urethra

Answer 18

urinary bladder

Question 19

tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body

Answer 19

urethra

Question 20

is a microscopic network of blood vessels and renal tubules (small tubes) where blood is filtered and the purified liquids are absorbed

Answer 20

nephrons

Question 21

return of glucose, hormones, and other useful substances from the fluid in the renal tubule to the blood

Answer 21

reabsorption

Question 22

luid, consisting of water and dissolved wastes, produced by the nephron after filtering and reabsorption

Answer 22

urine

Question 23

tube that transfers urine from a kidney to the urinary bladder

Answer 23

ureter

Question 24

acts on the circulatory system to increase blood pressure; helps the kidneys properly filter the blood

Answer 24

renin

Question 25

regulation of water reabsorption is controlled by the brain

Answer 25

ADH

Question 26

crystallized particle of calcium and other substances that forms in the kidneys because of abnormal function

Answer 26

kidney stone

Question 27

When uric acid is not filtered out properly by the kidneys, it may accumulate in the joints of the body, causing pain

Answer 27

gout

Question 28

potentially severe infection of the urinary system

Answer 28

urinary tract infection

Question 29

refers to separating molecules of different sizes using a membrane

Answer 29

dialysis