Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PSY 1101 > Biology of the mind (chap 2) > Flashcards

Biology of the mind (chap 2) Flashcards

1
Q

Biological perspective

A

link between biology and behavior. Includes; neuroscience, behavior genetics and evelosionary psychology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Dendrites

A

a neurons bushy branching extension that recieve messages and cunduct impulses toward the cell body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

AXON

A

THE NEURON EXTENSION THAT PASSES MESSAGES THROUGH ITS BRANCES TO OTHER NEURONS OR TO MUCCELS OR GLANDS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Myelin sheath

A

fatty tissue around some neurons - enables vastly greater transmission speed as neural impulses hop som one node to the next .

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does phrenology and psychology biological perspective have in common

A

both have focus of ink between biology and behavior. phrenology faded out as it hat scientific bias - skull bumps dont mean mental disability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How does our nervous system allow us to experience the difference between a slap and a tap on the back?

A

strong stimuli causes more neurons to fire and to fire more frequently

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

action potential

A

a neural impulse; a brief electronical charge that travles down an axon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

threshold

A

the levle of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

synapse

A

the junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron. The tiny gap at this junction is called the synaptic gab or synaptic cleft.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

reuptake

A

a naurotransmitter reabsorption by sending neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

agonist (drug)

A

mimic neurotransmitter, opening receptor site

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

antaginist (drug)

A

blocks neurotransmitter from opening receptor site

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

table over neurotransmitters

A

p 54

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

CNS - central nervous system

A

the brain and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

PNS - peripheral nervous system

A

the sensory and motor neurons that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

nerves

A

bundled axons that form neural “cables” connecting the central nervous system with muscles, glands ans sense organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

sensory neurons

A

neurons that carry incoming information from the sensory receptors to the brain and spinal cord.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

motor neurons

A

neurons that carry incoming information from the sensory receptors to the muscles and glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

somatic nervous system

A

the division of the peripheral nervous that controls the bodys skeletal muscles. Also called the skeletal nervous system (volenteraly movement)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Autonomic nervous system (ANS)

A

the part of the peripheral nervous system that conrols the glands and the muscles of the internal organs and its sympathetic division arouses; its parasympathic division calms = controles selfregulated action

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Sympathetic nervous system

A

the division of the autonomic nerveus system that AROUSES the bodu, mobilizing its energy in stressfull situations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Parasympathetic nervous system

A

the division of the autonomic nerveous system that calms the body conserving its energy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

endorcine system

A

the bodys “slow” chemical communication system; a set of glands that secrete hormons into the bloodstream

24
Q

hormones

A

chemical messengers that are manufactured by the endorcine glands, travle through the bloodstream and affect other tissues.

25
Q

adrenal glands

A

a pair of endocrine glands that sit just above the kidneys and secrete hormones that helps arouse the body an times of stress

26
Q

Pituitary glands (hypofysen)

A

the endocrine system most influential gland. Under influence of the hypotalamus, the pitutiary regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands. (influence brain and behavior)

27
Q

lesion

A

tissue destruction. A brain lesion is a natural or experimentally caused destruction of brain tissue.

28
Q

EEG: electroencephalogram

A

.. messure waves of electrical activity…. (zig-zag line..)

29
Q

PETscan

A

a visual display of brain activity that detects where radioactivity form of glucose goes while the brain performance a given task

30
Q

MRI

A

a technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce computer generated images of the soft tissue. ( shows brain anatomy. )

31
Q

fMRI

A

a technique for revealing blood flow and therefore brain activity by comparing succesive MRIscans. (shows brain function)

32
Q

Brainstem

A

the oldest part and central core of the brain, beginning where the spinal cord swells as it enters the skull; the brainstem is responsible for AUTOMATIC SURVIVAL FUNCTION.

33
Q

Medulla

A

the mase of the brainstem; controls HEARTBEAT ans BREATHING

34
Q

Thalamus

A

the brain sensory SWITCHBOARD, located in top of the brainstem; it direct messages to sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla

35
Q

Reticular formation

A

a NERVE NETWORK that travles through the brainstem and plays an important role in controlling AROUSAL

36
Q

pons

A

above medulla. Helps coordinate MOVEMENT

37
Q

Cerebellum

A

“the little brain” at the rear of the brainstem; functions including processing SENSORY INPUT and COORDINATING MOVEMENT output and BALLANCE

38
Q

limic system

A

NEURAL system (incl hippocampus, amygdala, hypothalamus) located below the cerebral hemisphere;associated with EMOTIONS and DRIVE

39
Q

Hippocampus

A

processes CONSCIOUS MEMORIES

40
Q

Amygdala

A

two liambean-sized neural clusters in the limbic system –> linked to MEOTIONS

41
Q

In the brain region would damage be most likely to 1) disrupt your ability to skip rope? 2) disrupt your ability to hear and taste 3) perhaps leave you in a come? 4) cut off the very breath and heartbeat of life?

A

1) cerebellum 2) thalamus 3) reticular formation 4) medula

42
Q

Hypothalamus

A

a neural structure lying below (=hypo) the thalamus; it directs several maintenance activities (eating, drinking, bodytemp.) helps govern the endocrine system via the pituitary glands and is linked to EMOTION and REWARD. PLESUARE CENTER

43
Q

Cerebrl cortex

A

the intricate fabric of interconnected neural cells covering the cerebral hemisphere; the bodys ultimative control and information center

44
Q

Glial cells (glia)

A

cells in the nervous system that support, nourish and protect neurons; they may also play a role in learning and thinking.

45
Q

frontal lobes

A

portion of the cerebral cortex lying hust behind the forehead; involved in speaking and MUSCLES MOVEMENT and in making PLANS and JUDGEMENT

46
Q

occipital lobes

A

portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the back of the head; includes areas that receive information from the visual field.

47
Q

temporal lobes

A

portion of the cerebral cortex lying roughly above the ears; includes the AUSITORY areas, each receiving information primarily from the opposite ear.

48
Q

Which areas of the human brain is most similar to that of less complex animals and which part distinguishes us the most?

A

First; the brainstem second; cerebral cortex

49
Q

What are the three key structures of the limbic system?

A

1) amygdala - AGGRESION and FEAR response 2) Hypothalamus - basic body maintains, PLESUARE and HORMONAL system 3) hippocampus - MEMORY

50
Q

Motor cortex

A

area at the REAR (fremme) of the frontal lobes that controls voluntary movements

51
Q

Sensory cortex

A

area at the front of the pariental lobes that register and process body touch and movement sensations

52
Q

association areas (all the gray “mass”)

A

area of the cerebral cortex that are not included in primary motor or sensory functions; rather they are involved in higher mental functions such as LEARNING, REMEMBERING, THINKING and SPEAKING.

53
Q

plasticity

A

the brains ability to change especially during childhood, by recognizing after damage or by building new pathways based on experience.

54
Q

Neurogenesis

A

the formation of new neurons

55
Q

Why are association areas important?

A

involved in higher mental functions - interpreting, integrating and acting on information processed in sensory areas

56
Q

Corpus Callosum

A

the largest band of neural fibers connecting the two brain hemispheres and carrying messages between

57
Q

Split brain

A

a condition resulting form surgery that isolate the brains two hemispheres by cutting he fibers (mainly those of the corpus Callosum) connecting them.

PSY 1101 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions