Biology midterms study

Question 1

What is a hypothesize?

Answer 1

a possible awnser to a question and is testable

Question 2

What is a scientific theory

Answer 2

A law supported by evidence and other scientists
- always true no matter what

Question 3

Steps to scientific theory

Answer 3

observe, question, research, hypothesize, test, conclude, results

Question 4

Control group

Answer 4

Group that is compared to the experimental group
- unchanged
- not tested

Question 5

Experimental group

Answer 5

Group that is being tested
- differences from controlled group is gathered

Question 6

Independent variable

Answer 6

what is changed by the scientist
- must stay consistent

Question 7

Dependent variable

Answer 7

The “result” change in independent variable depends on the independent variable

Question 8

Quantitive

Answer 8

numbers based and countable data

Question 9

Qualitative

Answer 9

Descriptive and interpretation based

Question 10

How many variables should be tested at a time in a good experimental?

Answer 10

1 variable should be tested at a time (dependent variable) to see effects and results between the original

Question 11

How do bacteria reproduce?

Answer 11

binary fusion- bacteria splits into 2 and are both have genetically identical DNA

Question 12

What are the 3 parts of an atom

Answer 12

Protons, neutrons, and electrons

Question 13

What is the atomic number

Answer 13

number of protons

Question 14

What is the atomic mass

Answer 14

number of protons + neutrons

Question 15

Covalent bonds V/S Ionic bonds

Answer 15

covalent bonds are when they share electrons and is the stronger bond
In Ionic bonds the stronger side takes electrons and is the weaker bond

Question 16

What are hydrogen bonds?

Answer 16

Water molecules bonds with another h+ atoms of another water molecule because the oxygen is more negative

Question 17

What does polar mean?

Answer 17

water

Question 18

Adhesion

Answer 18

water is attracted to other substances

Question 19

Cohesion

Answer 19

water is attracted to like molecules

Question 20

Surface tension

Answer 20

Cohesion at the surface of water

Question 21

Between what numbers are acids

Answer 21

0-6

Question 22

What are common acids

Answer 22

lemon juice, vinegar, and gastric acid

Question 23

Between what numbers are bases

Answer 23

8-14

Question 24

What are common bases

Answer 24

Household bleach, sea water, and oven cleaner

Question 25

What are the 8 characteristics of living things

Answer 25

Grow and develop Respond to environment Reproduce Maintain homeostasis Adaption Consist of 1 or more cells Organization Evolution

Question 26

What element makes a compound organic

Answer 26

A carbon atom - having a carbon skeleton

Question 27

What are the Common elements of living things?

Answer 27

Sulfur Phosphorus Oxygen Nitrogen Carbon Hydrogen

Question 28

What is the monomer of carbohydrates

Answer 28

Monosaccharides

Question 29

Why do we need to eat carbohydrates?

Answer 29

Provide the body with glucose to make usable energy

Question 30

Examples of carbohydrates?

Answer 30

Sugar: candy, and fruits Starch: pasta, and bread

Question 31

What is the monomer of Lipids?

Answer 31

Fatty acids

Question 32

Why are lipids important?

Answer 32

Long term storage Insulation And is included in the cell membrane (controls what enters and leaves)

Question 33

Example of lipids

Answer 33

Fats, oils, and butter

Question 34

What are saturated fats?

Answer 34

Solid at room temp Packed tightly with h+ molecules No double bonds Ex: butter

Question 35

What are unsaturated fates

Answer 35

Liquid at room temp Molecules aren’t packed as tightly with h+ Can form double covalent bonds Ex: oil

Question 36

What is the monomer of proteins?

Answer 36

Amino acids

Question 37

Why are proteins important

Answer 37

Help cells keep shape Repairs and builds body tissue

Question 38

Examples of proteins

Answer 38

Enzymes and antibodies

Question 39

What are enzymes?

Answer 39

Biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions

Question 40

What hapends to an enzyme that is denatured?

Answer 40

in extreme heat enzymes lose their shape and ability to speed up chemical reactions

Question 41

Endothermic

Answer 41

reaction that the system absorbs energy from its surrounding in the form of heat

Question 42

Exothermic

Answer 42

reaction that releases energy from the system in a form of heat

Question 43

What is the monomer of nucleic acids?

Answer 43

Nucleotide

Question 44

What is the propose of Nucleic acids?

Answer 44

Stores and expresses genetically information

Question 45

RNA v/s DNA

Answer 45

RNA is 1 helix with 1 strand and creates proteins DNA is 2 helix with 2 stands and contains genetic information and orders