Biology Human Body

Question 0

How are neurons classified?

Answer 0

The direction in which an impulse travlels

Question 1

What is the function of the nervous system?

Answer 1

To control and coordinate functions throughout the body and responds to internal and external stimuli.

Question 2

What are the three types of neurons?

Answer 2

Sensory neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons

Question 3

Which neurons carry impulses from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands?

Answer 3

Motor neurons

Question 4

Which neurons carry impulses from the sense organs to the spinal cord and brain?

Answer 4

Sensory neurons

Question 5

Which neurons connect sensory and motor neurons and carry impulses between them?

Answer 5

Interneurons

Question 6

What us the largest part of a typical neuron?

Answer 6

Cell body

Question 7

What is the function of the myelin sheath in a neuron?

Answer 7

An insulating membrane surrounding some neurons

Question 8

What portion of the neuron contains the nucleus?

Answer 8

Cell body

Question 9

What branch-shaped part of the neuron carries impulses from the environment to the cell body?

Answer 9

Dendrites

Question 10

What is the long fiber that carries impulses away from the cell body?

Answer 10

Axon

Question 11

What is a synapse?

Answer 11

The location at which a neuron can transfer an impulse to another cell

Question 12

What are neurotransmitters?

Answer 12

Chemicals used by a neuron to transmit an impulse across a synapse to another cell

Question 13

What is the function of the central nervous system?

Answer 13

Relays messages, processes information, and gather information

Question 14

What organs make up the central nervous system?

Answer 14

The brain and spinal cord

Question 15

What part of the brain coordinates and balances the actions of muscles?

Answer 15

Cerebellum

Question 16

What part of the brain regulates the flow of information between the brain and the rest of the body?

Answer 16

Brain stem

Question 17

What part of the brain controls voluntary activities of the body?

Answer 17

Cerebrum

Question 18

What part of the brain controls hunger, thirst, fatigue, anger, and body temperature?

Answer 18

Brain stem

Question 19

What part of the brain receives and relays messages from the sense organs?

Answer 19

Thalamus

Question 20

What are the four lobes of the brain?

Answer 20

Frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital

Question 21

What makes up the peripheral nervous system?

Answer 21

Nerves

Question 22

What is the main organ of the integumentary system?

Answer 22

The skin

Question 23

What are the two layers of the skin? Which layer is composed of dead cells?

Answer 23

Epidermis and dermis; epidermis

Question 24

What is the basic structure of human hair and nails?

Answer 24

Keratin

Question 25

Why do large organisms require a circulatory system?

Answer 25

The cells of larger organisms are not in direct contact with the environment, and substances may need to be transported.

Question 26

What three organs does the circulatory system contain?

Answer 26

Blood, blood vessels, and the heart

Question 27

What defines a closed circulatory system?

Answer 27

Blood is within a system of vessels

Question 28

What is the upper chamber of the heart?

Answer 28

Atrium

Question 29

What is the lower chamber of the heart?

Answer 29

The ventricle

Question 30

That is the thick layer of muscle in the walls of the heart?

Answer 30

Myocardium

Question 31

What is the sac of tissue that encloses and protects the heart?

Answer 31

Pericardium

Question 32

How many pumps does the heart function as?

Answer 32

2

Question 33

Describe the path that blood takes, starting in the right atrium.

Answer 33

Right atrium -> right ventricle -> body -> left atrium -> left ventricle -> lungs

Question 34

Which side of the heart is involved in pulmonary circulation? Where does it take blood?

Answer 34

Right side; between the heart and lungs

Question 35

Which side of the heart is involved in systemic circulation? Where does it take blood?

Answer 35

Left side; between the heart and the rest of the body

Question 36

Why is blood that leaves the lungs oxygen-poor?

Answer 36

The lungs absorb the oxygen in the blood

Question 37

True or false: The superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava are veins that bring oxygen-poor blood to the right atrium.

Answer 37

True

Question 38

What does the aorta do?

Answer 38

Brings oxygen-rich blood from the left ventricle to the body

Question 39

What do valves do?

Answer 39

Flaps of connective tissue that keep blood flowing in the direction in needs to go

Question 40

What does the mitral valve separate?

Answer 40

The left atrium and left ventricle

Question 41

What does the tricuspid valve separate?

Answer 41

The right atrium and right ventricle

Question 42

What does the septum divide?

Answer 42

The left and right ventricles

Question 43

Where does the contraction of the heart start?

Answer 43

The sinoatrial valve

Question 44

What is the group of cells that start heart contractions called?

Answer 44

Pacemaker

Question 45

What are the three types of blood vessels?

Answer 45

Arteries, veins, and capillaries

Question 46

What measures blood pressure?

Answer 46

Sphygmomanometer

Question 47

What blood vessel take blood to the heart?

Answer 47

Arteries

Question 48

What blood vessel takes blood away from the heart?

Answer 48

Arteries

Question 49

What extremely thin blood vessel connects the arteries and the veins?

Answer 49

Capillaries

Question 50

What is the difference between systolic and diastolic pressure?

Answer 50

Systolic- Force when ventricles contract | Diastolic- Force when ventricles relax

Question 51

What characterizes atherosclerosis?

Answer 51

An excess of fatty deposits built up on the walls of arteries

Question 52

What is another name for high blood pressure?

Answer 52

Hypertansion

Question 53

What are three ways to avoid cardiovascular disease?

Answer 53

Exercising, eating well, and avoiding smoking