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SCIENCE-Biology+Physics+Chemistry > BIOLOGY - food and diet > Flashcards

BIOLOGY - food and diet Flashcards

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1
Q

what is essential for good health?

A

a balanced diet

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2
Q

what are the seven building blocks for a healthy diet?

A

carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamin, minerals and fibre and water

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3
Q

what can you add to your diet to help maintain a healthy diet?

A

water

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4
Q

what do we take energy from?

A

food

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5
Q

in what form do we take energy from in food?

A

kilojoules

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6
Q

what does the energy you need depend on?

A

your body type and the amount of physical activity you do

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7
Q

what does the way you use energy depend on?

A

your weight, shape and sporting perfomance

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8
Q

what is vital that athletes have and why?

A

nutrients to help them perform at their best

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9
Q

how do carbohydrates help?

A

proves quick energy

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10
Q

how much of our diet should comprise carbs?

A

60%

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11
Q

what are some examples of carbohydrates?

A

pasta, cereals and potatoes

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12
Q

what can too much saturated fats from animals lead to?

A

heart disease

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13
Q

how much of our diet should comprise fats?

A

25%

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14
Q

what do fats provide?

A

slow energy

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15
Q

what are some examples of fats?

A

oils, dairy products, nuts and fish

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16
Q

what does proteins help with?

A

repairs muscles.

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17
Q

how much protein do we need in our diet?

A

15%

18
Q

what do vitamins help with?

A

making the body work and concentrating

19
Q

what are vitamins used for?

A

vision
helps the bones and teeth
energy production and stress reduction
to keep skin healthy

20
Q

what are some examples of vitamins?

A

fruits and vegetables

21
Q

what do minerals help with?

A

releasing energy from food and decision making

22
Q

what are minerals used for?

A

calcium- to strengthen bones
iodine- for energy production
iron- prevents fatigue

23
Q

what are some examples of minerals?

A

fruit, vegetables and fish

24
Q

what does water help with?

A

maintains fluid levels

25
Q

what is the energy the body takes from the food measured in?

A

kilojoules or kilocalories

26
Q

what do you need enough energy to meet the demands of?

A

your BMR and PAL

27
Q

what does BMR mean?

A

basic metabolic rate; the number go kilojoules you use to stay alive each day

28
Q

what does PAL mean?

A

physical activity levels; the numbers of kilojoules you use to fuel all of your physical activity

29
Q

BMR + PAL =

A

your daily energy requirement

30
Q

what kinds of people need more energy for BMR?

A

big people

31
Q

what do athletes in endurance events and hard training need more energy for?

A

PAL

32
Q

what will happen if you consume more energy than you use?

A

you will gain weight

33
Q

what will happen if you consume less energy than you use?

A

you will lose weight

34
Q

what will happen to people that under eat?

A

they will not have enough energy to perform effectively

35
Q

in what situation will being over weight not be a problem?

A

having lots of muscles, like rugby players

36
Q

who will not be effective sports people?

A

obese or overeat people

37
Q

what are the three different body types?

A

ectomorphs
mesomorphs
endomorphs

38
Q

what are the properties of ectomorphs?

A

narrow shaped body
thin faces
little fat or muscles
ideal body type for sprinters

39
Q

what are the properties of mesomorphs?

A 
wedge-shaped body
wide shoulders
narrow hips
muscular
ideal body type for sprinters
40
Q

what are the properties of endomorphs?

A

peace- shaped body
wide hips
wide shoulders
can have a lot of fat on body, arms and thighs
when fit, ideal body type for weight lifting, wrestling

41
Q

what does your body type, shape and composition determine?

A

how effective you are at sport

42
Q

what does a person’s ideal body weight depend on?

A

their body type, age, gender, height, the size of their bones, and their muscle size

SCIENCE-Biology+Physics+Chemistry (18 decks)

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