Biology Exam 1 Flashcards
Biology
Study of life
What are the common characteristics organisms share that define life?
- Actively maintain organized complexity
2. Acquire and use materials and energy
Which of the following is a trace element required by humans and most other living organisms?
Iron
In which kind of bond are electrons shared equally?
Nonpolar covalent bond
Which is the smallest unit of life?
Atom
Hydrophobic substances such as vegetable oil are
non polar substances that repel water molecules
What do the following have in common with reference to water: cohesion, surface, tension, adhesion?
All are properties related to hydrogen bonding
Which property of the carbon atom makes it compatible with a greater number of different elements than any other type of atom?
carbon has a valence (outer shell) of 4 electrons
Which polysaccharide is the most abundant?
Cellulose
The main source of energy for producers in an ecosystem is
Light energy
Buffers are substances that help resist shifts in pH by
releasing H+ in basic solutions
Similarities among different types of organisms are due to
common ancestry
Organic chemistry is a science based on the study of
carbon compounds
A compound contains hydroxyl groups as its predominant functional group.
Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning this compound?
It should dissolve in water.
What else is needed for a molecule to be broken down by hydrolysis?
Enzyme
Which two functional groups are always found in amino acids?
Carboxyl and Amino
Which type of interaction stabilizes the alpha helix structure of proteins?
hydrogen bonds
When you cook an egg, the clear part turns white. What process is this?
Denaturation
Which would you not find in a bacterial cell?
Mitochondria
An unknown substance is unable to hydrogen bond, it can be concluded that this substance is
Non polar that repels water molecules
An example of a polysaccharide would be
the material contained in plant cell walls
What chemical property of phospholipids is key to the formation of the cell membrane?
Hydrophilic head group attached to two hydrophobic fatty acid tails
Which of the following has the lowest amount of H+ ions?
Bleach
The weak bond between a polar molecule and the slight positive charge of a hydrogen atom is
a hydrogen bond
