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Biology > Biology Exam 1 > Flashcards

Biology Exam 1 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Biology

A

Study of life

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2
Q

What are the common characteristics organisms share that define life?

A
  1. Actively maintain organized complexity

2. Acquire and use materials and energy

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3
Q

Which of the following is a trace element required by humans and most other living organisms?

A

Iron

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4
Q

In which kind of bond are electrons shared equally?

A

Nonpolar covalent bond

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5
Q

Which is the smallest unit of life?

A

Atom

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6
Q

Hydrophobic substances such as vegetable oil are

A

non polar substances that repel water molecules

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7
Q

What do the following have in common with reference to water: cohesion, surface, tension, adhesion?

A

All are properties related to hydrogen bonding

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8
Q

Which property of the carbon atom makes it compatible with a greater number of different elements than any other type of atom?

A

carbon has a valence (outer shell) of 4 electrons

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9
Q

Which polysaccharide is the most abundant?

A

Cellulose

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10
Q

The main source of energy for producers in an ecosystem is

A

Light energy

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11
Q

Buffers are substances that help resist shifts in pH by

A

releasing H+ in basic solutions

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12
Q

Similarities among different types of organisms are due to

A

common ancestry

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13
Q

Organic chemistry is a science based on the study of

A

carbon compounds

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14
Q

A compound contains hydroxyl groups as its predominant functional group.
Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning this compound?

A

It should dissolve in water.

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15
Q

What else is needed for a molecule to be broken down by hydrolysis?

A

Enzyme

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16
Q

Which two functional groups are always found in amino acids?

A

Carboxyl and Amino

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17
Q

Which type of interaction stabilizes the alpha helix structure of proteins?

A

hydrogen bonds

18
Q

When you cook an egg, the clear part turns white. What process is this?

A

Denaturation

19
Q

Which would you not find in a bacterial cell?

A

Mitochondria

20
Q

An unknown substance is unable to hydrogen bond, it can be concluded that this substance is

A

Non polar that repels water molecules

21
Q

An example of a polysaccharide would be

A

the material contained in plant cell walls

22
Q

What chemical property of phospholipids is key to the formation of the cell membrane?

A

Hydrophilic head group attached to two hydrophobic fatty acid tails

23
Q

Which of the following has the lowest amount of H+ ions?

A

Bleach

24
Q

The weak bond between a polar molecule and the slight positive charge of a hydrogen atom is

A

a hydrogen bond

25
Q

What type of bonds are formed between a metal and a nonmetal?

A

Ionic bonds

26
Q

What would be the resulting solution if sodium hydroxide is added to water and releases its bond?

A

Basic

27
Q

An unsaturated fatty acid has at least one

A

Double bonded pair of carbon atoms

28
Q

Which of the following is not a polymer?

A

Glucose

29
Q

Which subatomic particles can the same atom have a different number of?

A

Electrons and protons

30
Q

Which structure involves multiple amino acid chains?

A

Secondary structure

31
Q

Sickle-Cell anemia helps to show

A

How changes in the amino acids can have detrimental effects

32
Q

Which macromolecule contains mostly H and C atoms?

A

Lipids

33
Q

Saturated fatty acids

A

contain as many H atoms as possible

34
Q

Yeasts are

A

Unicellular Eukaryotes

35
Q

Dehydration synthesis

A

links monosaccharides

36
Q

Which is a solution to free radicals?

A

Antioxidants

37
Q

Bacteria and Archaea are characterized as

A

prokaryotes

38
Q

Descent with modification is known as

A

evolution

39
Q

Which bond-linkage type holds carbohydrate monomers together?

A

Glycosidic

40
Q

If a solution has a pH of 7, this means that

A

this is a solution of pure water

41
Q

All of the following are examples of monomer: polymer pairings except

A

monosaccharides:lipids

42
Q

Compared with 32 S the radioactive isotope 33 S has

A

An additional neutron

Biology (4 decks)

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