Biology - DNA and Inheritance Flashcards
What are chromosomes?
X shaped structures, made up of coiled up DNA and proteins. They are found in the nucleus of all cells.
Where can you find DNA?
In the nucleus of any cell in our bodies
What organisms have DNA?
Any living ones, including unicellular ones
What is mutation?
When the base cell of the DNA changes in the nucleus of the cell
How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have in each of their body cells?
23 pairs of these in each of their body cells
What is DNA?
A long molecule in the shape of a double helix. It makes up the structure of chromosomes and and consists of a code for proteins
What are genetics? (gene)
This is a section of DNA which codes for a particular protein
What are the 4 bases which make up the DNA code?
Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Gualine (ACTG)
What is the full name of DNA?
Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid
Why will the offspring look like a mixture of their parents?
As the offspring will have a mixture of genes from their mother and father
How will the zygote have the same number of chromosomes as their parents?
The sperm and egg cell should have 23 chromosomes each
What is the dominant and recessive allele?
The dominant allele is the allele that is being expressed and is shown by a capital letter, and the recessive allele is the allele that is not expressed and is shown by a lower case letter
What are alleles?
Different genes for a particular characteristic
