Biology - Chapter 6 Vocab

Question 1

Atom

Answer 1

The building blocks of matter

Question 2

Nucleus

Answer 2

The center of the atom

Question 3

Proton

Answer 3

Positively charged particles located in the nucleus

Question 4

Neutron

Answer 4

Neutrally charged particles located in the nucleus

Question 5

Electron

Answer 5

Small, negatively charged particles located in the electron cloud outside of the nucleus

Question 6

Element

Answer 6

A pure substance that can’t be broken down into other substances

Question 7

Isotope

Answer 7

Atoms of an element that have different numbers of neutrons

Question 8

Compound

Answer 8

A substance formed when two or more elements are combined

Question 9

Covalent Bond

Answer 9

A type of chemical bond that forms when electrons are SHARED. This is the strongest type of chemical bond

Question 10

Molecule

Answer 10

A compound where atoms are held together by covalent bonds

Question 11

Ion

Answer 11

Any atom that has lost or gained electrons. It has a charge

Question 12

Ionic Bond

Answer 12

An electrical attraction between oppositely charged atoms. It forms when atoms take or give electrons to get full shells

Question 13

Van der Waals Force

Answer 13

The attractive forces between the positive and negative regions of atoms that pull the molecules together and hold them there

Question 14

Chemical Reaction

Answer 14

The process by which atoms or groups of atoms are reorganized into different substances by chemical bonds being broken and/or formed

Question 15

Reactant

Answer 15

Starting substances in a chemical reaction

Question 16

Product

Answer 16

Substances formed during a chemical reaction

Question 17

Activation Energy

Answer 17

The minimum amount of energy needed for the reactants to turn into the products in the chemical reaction

Question 18

Catalyst

Answer 18

A substance that lowers the activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction. It helps speed up the chemical reaction

Question 19

Enzyme

Answer 19

Special proteins that act as biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in biological processes

Question 20

Substrate

Answer 20

The reactants that bind to the enzyme

Question 21

Active Site

Answer 21

The location where a substrate binds to an enzyme

Question 22

Polar Molecule

Answer 22

Molecules that have an unequal distribution of charges. They have positive and negative regions. They are formed through covalent bonding

Question 23

Hydrogen Bond

Answer 23

Electrostatic attraction between hydrogen (polar) molecules. Short-lived bonds, but there are too many bonds to ever truly break them apart. Hydrogen bonds cause surface tension on water

Question 24

Mixture

Answer 24

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Question 25

Solution
Solvent
Solute
Acid
Base
pH
Buffer

Answer 25

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