Biology Chapter 5 Membranes

Question 1

What types of molecules are able to cross the plasma membrane through simple diffusion? Give some examples.

Answer 1

Oxygen, carbon dioxide, lipids, steroid hormones (Non Polar) anything non polar, Individual water molecules.

Question 2

What is osmosis?

Answer 2

Osmosis is the net movement of water molecules into or out of a cell, across the cell membrane. From low to high concentration.

Question 3

How does a cell react in an environment that is hypotonic relative to the inside of the cell?

Answer 3

The water will move across the membrane into the cell to dilute the solution.

Question 4

How does a cell react in an environment that is hypertonic relative to the inside of the cell?

Answer 4

The water will move across the membrane out of the cell to dilute the solution.

Question 5

How does a cell react in an environment that is Isotonic relative to the inside of the cell?

Answer 5

The water molecules will constantly be moving across the membrane, but there will not be any net movement.

Question 6

Describe passive transport.

Answer 6

Passive transport, is any movement of molecules or ions across a cell membrane. No ATP required.

Question 7

What is simple diffusion?

Answer 7

Simple diffusion are the molecules that can pass freely through the plasma membrane without ATP

Question 8

What is facilitated diffusion?

Answer 8

Facilitated diffusion is helping molecules go down the concentration gradient.

Question 9

Give an example from class of facilitated diffusion and how it works.

Answer 9

Is like an aviator door where you close one b4 opening the other.

Question 10

Describe active transport.

Answer 10

Active transport is when it takes molecules agents the concentration gradient using ATP

Question 11

Describe an example of active transport from class.

Answer 11

Sodium potassium pump is an ex. of active transport.

Question 12

What is endocytosis?

Answer 12

Endocytosis is the surface of cell indents to bring in molecules. It indents and pinches off into a vesicle, to bring whatever it needs (large things.)

Question 13

Describe how pinocytosis and phagocytosis works.

Answer 13

Pinocytosis is the surface of the cell indents to bring in molecules e.g. clathrin coated pits. Cell-surface receptors bind to individual molecules, while hold onto the molecules the receptors migrate through the membrane and delivers it to the cytoplasm.
Phagocytosis is where a cell engulfs food, bacteria, and other foreign molecules and it brings the foreign molecules in and destroys them.

Question 14

What is exocytosis?

Answer 14

Exocytosis (movement out) is defined as the movement of materials out of the cell through a fusing of a vesicle with the plasma membrane.

Question 15

How do endocytosis and exocytosis function in cycling a cell’s plasma membrane?

Answer 15

Within endocytosis (into the cell) there are 2, pinocytosis and phagocytosis. Exocytosis (out of the cell) *** not sure.

Question 16

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 16

Facilitated diffusion is passage of materials through the plasma membrane that is aided by a transport protein.

Question 17

Diffusion

Answer 17

Diffusion is the movement of molecules or ions from a region of their high concentration to a region of their lower concentration.

Question 18

Active transport

Answer 18

Active transport is when it takes molecules agent the concentration gradient using ATP

Question 19

Osmosis

Answer 19

Osmosis is the net movement of water across the plasma membrane.

Question 20

Hypertonic

Answer 20

Hypertonic has a higher concentration of solutes then another.

Question 21

Endocytosis

Answer 21

Endocytosis (movement in) is the movement of relatively large materials into the cell through by an unfolding of the plasma membrane

Question 22

Hypotonic

Answer 22

Hypotonic is a fluid that has a lower concentration of solutes than another

Question 23

Exocytosis

Answer 23

Exocytosis (movement out) is defined as the movement of materials out of the cell through a fusing of a vesicle with the plasma membrane.

Question 24

Phagocytosis

Answer 24

Phagocytosis is one of the endocytosis ways a cell brings stuff in, it engulfs food, bacteria, and other foreign molecules. it brings materials into the cell and destroys it.

Question 25

Isotonic

Answer 25

Isotonic is two situations that have equal concentrations of solutes.

Question 26

Pinocytosis

Answer 26

Pinocytosis is the movement of relatively large materials into a cell by means of the creation of transport vesicles that are produces through an invagination of the plasma membrane.