Biology Chapter 16 Flashcards
What did Darwin observe on his voyage on the Beagle about the species of animals on the Galapagos Islands vs. resulted from South America? What theory resulted from these observations? Describe this theory.
He saw all kinds of unusual species on the Galapagos Islands that were different from the mainland and from island to island. In the example with the finches.
The theory is decent with modification, which means that they were all related at one time, and evolved to their new habitat.
What two observations did Darwin make to lead him to infer that individuals had leveled of reproductive success in a population? What term did Darwin use to describe this mechanism of evolution?
The common decent with modification, natural selection. “Struggle for existence”
What is the name of Darwin’s book published in 1859? Why weren’t the ideas put forth in this book community right away?
The Origin of Species was published in 1859. They were hesitant to accept natural selection because the scientists didn’t know anything about genetics.
Describe the six different types of evidence used to support the theory or evolution.
Evidence of Evolution
Fossil Record: Petrified remains of sea creatures.
Radiometric Dating: using radioisotopes to calculate fossil age
Biogeography: The geographic distribution of a species.
Comparative Anatomy: Homology-similar structures reflect shared ancestry.
Comparative Embryology: Like in the early stages of life, of a human, mouse, bat chicken, and alligator. They are all similar at one point.
Molecular Biology: The number of DNA nucleotide base differences in cytochrome C oxidase gene.
So like there is a large number of base differences between humans and yeast.
