Biology Chapter 3: Animal Systems Flashcards
Hierarchy
Organizational structure with more complex or important things at the top.
Single-celled organisms
Organisms that function independently and do not depend on other cells. Unlike specialized cells, which cannot survive on their own.
Complexity of animal bodies
Varies considerably, from simple to highly complex structures.
Sponges
Animals with a simple body structure.
Tasks performed by organisms
Ex. Feeding, breathing, moving, and reproducing.
Tissue
Collection of similar cells performing a particular, but limited, function.
Organ
Structure composed of different tissues working together to perform a complex body function
Organ system
System of organs and structures working together to perform a major vital body function (ex. digestion).
Muscle tissue function
Tissue made up of muscle cells that enable movement.
Nerve tissue function
Tissue specialized for conducting electrical signals. Used for sensory purposes, communication within body, & coordination of body functions
Connective tissue function
Tissue that provides support, protection, & insulation for various parts of the body.
Epithelial tissue description
Thin sheet of tightly packed cells that covers body surfaces and lines internal organs/body cavities.
Human organ systems
Nervous, digestive, respiratory, circulatory, urinary, musculoskeletal, and reproductive systems.
Digestive system
System that breaks down food and makes it available to the body.
Circulatory system
System that transports substances around the body.
Respiratory System
System that takes in oxygen and removes carbon dioxide from the body.
Musculoskeletal system
System that supports the body and enables movement.
Organs within organ systems
Highly specialized structures that work together to perform the overall function of the system.
Digestive system organs
Stomach, small and large intestines, liver, and pancreas.
epithelial tissue function
- protection from dehydration
- low-friction surfaces
Pancreas
Organ that is part of both the digestive and endocrine systems.
connective tissue description
Various types of cells and fibres held together by a liquid, a solid, or a gel, known as a matrix
muscle tissue description
Bundles of long cells called muscle fi bres that contain specialized proteins capable of shortening or contracting
nerve tissue description
Long, thin cells with fine branches at the ends capable of conducting electrical impulses
