Biology Chapter 3 Flashcards
Macromolecules
Functional groups give form and function to the carbon backbone
Organic macromolecules
Contains carbon
Maximum bonding capacity
Backbone of macromolecules
Monomer
Single molecule
Polymer
Chain of monomers
Polymer=macromolecule
Cellular structure
Complete body of polymers with a specific function
Dehydration synthesis
Covalent bonds are formed, H2O
Released and energy stored
Hydrolysis
Covalent bonds are broken, H2O
Is consumed and energy released
Organisms are primarily made of 4 kinds of organic macromolecules
Nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids
Nucleic acids serve 3 functions
- genetic code: DNA
- Reading genetic code: RNA
- Cellular energy: ATP
Nucleic acids
Composed of nucleotides ( monomers)
5 carbon sugar
Phosphate
Nitrogenous base
Genetic code
It’s DNA
Is the sequence of bases
DNA
Stays in the nucleus of cell
Backbone of DNA
Deoxyribose sugar and phosphate
Four nitrogenous bases
Adenine guanine cytosine thymine(DNA only)
Hydrogen bonds is what
Holds the 2 strands of DNA molecule
Genetic code is to do what
Is there to make proteins