Biology and Behavior

Question 1

What are the three types of neurons in the nervous system?

Answer 1

Motor (efferent), interneurons, and sensory (afferent)

Question 2

Parasympathetic?

Answer 2

Rest and digest

Question 3

Sympathetic?

Answer 3

Fight or flight

Question 4

Hindbrain

Answer 4

Contains cerebellum, medulla oblongata, and reticular formation

Question 5

Midbrain

Answer 5

Contains inferior and superior colliculi

Question 6

Forebrain

Answer 6

Contains thalamus, hypothalamus, basal ganglia, limbic system, and cerebral cortex

Question 7

Thalamus function

Answer 7

relay station for sensory information

Question 8

Hypothalamus function

Answer 8

Maintains homeostasis and integrates with the endocrine system through the hypophyseal portal system that connects it to the anterior pituitary

Question 9

Basal ganglia function

Answer 9

Smoothens movements and helps maintain postural stability

Question 10

Limbic system function

Answer 10

Controls emotion and memory. Includes septal nuclei, amygdala, hippocampus, and fornix

Question 11

Septal nuclei

Answer 11

Pleasure-Seeking

Question 12

Amygdala

Answer 12

Fear and aggression

Question 13

Hippocampus

Answer 13

Memory

Question 14

Fornix

Answer 14

Communication with limbic system

Question 15

Four lobes of cerebral cortex?

Answer 15

Frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal

Question 16

Frontal lobe function?

Answer 16

Executive function, impulse control, long-term planning (prefrontal cortex), motor function (primary motor cortex), speech production (Broca’s area)

Question 17

Parietal lobe function

Answer 17

Sensation of touch, pressure, temperature, and pain (somatosensory context); spatial processing, orientation, and manipulation

Question 18

Occipital lobe function

Answer 18

Visual processing

Question 19

Temporal lobe function

Answer 19

Sound processing (auditory cortex), speech perception (Wernicke’s area), memory, and emotion (limbic system)

Question 20

Acetylcholine influence on behavior

Answer 20

Voluntary muscle control, parasympathetic nervous system, attention, alertness

Question 21

Epinephrine and norepinephrine influence on behavior

Answer 21

Fight or flight responses, wakefulness, alertness

Question 22

Dopamine influence on behavior

Answer 22

Smooth movements, postural stability

Question 23

Serotonin influence on behavior

Answer 23

Mood, sleep, eating, dreaming

Question 24

GABA influence on behavior

Answer 24

Brain “stabilization”

Question 25

Endorphins influence on behavior

Answer 25

Natural painkillers