biology agAIn Flashcards
How are different types of cells classified? What are the major differences between them?
Prokaryotes - small, no nucleus, few organelles
Eukaryotes - large, has nucleus, many organelles
Which organelles do prokaryotes and eukaryotes both have?
Cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, cell wall
What is the specific role of the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell?
stores dna, is where dna is copied into rna form
Which organelles are involved in making and transporting proteins?
Ribosome (assemble amino acids), ER (modify + fold protein, package into vesicle), vesicle (lipid bubble carries protein to golgi), golgi (sends protein to final destination in or outside of cell)
Which organelles are involved in converting energy in plant cells?
Chloroplast (Photosynthesis:sunlight to sugar), Mitochondria (cellular respiration:sugar to atp)
In animal cells, which organelles are involved in taking in and digesting food?
Cell membrane (engulfs food, sends out waste) vacuole (stores food) lysosome (filled w/ enzymes, fuses w/ vacuole for digestion)
how does the cell membrane help the cell maintain homeostasis?
it allows some molecules in and not others.
allows the cell to keep its internal environment the same when the external environment changes.
What is the cell membrane made out of?
Phospholipids
What is diffusion, and how does it relate to concentration gradients?
A concentration gradient is a difference in concentration between two areas. diffusion is the movement of molecules down their concentration gradients.
