biology agAIn Flashcards

1
Q

How are different types of cells classified? What are the major differences between them?

A

Prokaryotes - small, no nucleus, few organelles
Eukaryotes - large, has nucleus, many organelles

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2
Q

Which organelles do prokaryotes and eukaryotes both have?

A

Cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, cell wall

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3
Q

What is the specific role of the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell?

A

stores dna, is where dna is copied into rna form

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4
Q

Which organelles are involved in making and transporting proteins?

A

Ribosome (assemble amino acids), ER (modify + fold protein, package into vesicle), vesicle (lipid bubble carries protein to golgi), golgi (sends protein to final destination in or outside of cell)

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5
Q

Which organelles are involved in converting energy in plant cells?

A

Chloroplast (Photosynthesis:sunlight to sugar), Mitochondria (cellular respiration:sugar to atp)

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6
Q

In animal cells, which organelles are involved in taking in and digesting food?

A

Cell membrane (engulfs food, sends out waste) vacuole (stores food) lysosome (filled w/ enzymes, fuses w/ vacuole for digestion)

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7
Q

how does the cell membrane help the cell maintain homeostasis?

A

it allows some molecules in and not others.

allows the cell to keep its internal environment the same when the external environment changes.

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8
Q

What is the cell membrane made out of?

A

Phospholipids

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9
Q

What is diffusion, and how does it relate to concentration gradients?

A

A concentration gradient is a difference in concentration between two areas. diffusion is the movement of molecules down their concentration gradients.

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