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MCAT > Biology > Flashcards

Biology Flashcards

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MCAT flashcards
1
Q

Mast cells are found in

A

the repertory and gastrointestinal tracts

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2
Q

mast cells release

A

histamines

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3
Q

mast cells release - in response to -

A

histamines in response to allergic rxn, infection, or injury

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4
Q

histamines case an increase in

A

blood flow to affected areas

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5
Q

adipose and melanocytes are both examples of

A

connective tissue

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6
Q

dendrites transport info - the cell body

A

towards

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7
Q

axons transport info - the cell body

A

away from

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8
Q

membrane potential steps of typical action potential

A
  1. stimulus
  2. depolarization
  3. repolarization
  4. hyperpolarization
  5. refractory period
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9
Q

glial cells in CNS

A

oligodendrocytes

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10
Q

glial cells in PNS

A

Schwann cells

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11
Q

node of ravier

A

gap in myelin, region where ions can pass across plasma membrane, contains high density of Na+ channels

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12
Q

saltatory conduction

A

nerve impulse movement from one node to the next on an axon

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13
Q

ACh

A

excitatory neurotransmitter present at neuromuscular junctions

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14
Q

muscle fibers are

A

multinucleated

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15
Q

Be able to draw sarcomere

A

drawing - place A band, H zone and Z lines actin and myosin

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16
Q

without ATP, muscles remain in

A

rigor state

17
Q

actin is composed of

A

2 helically would rows of spherical protein subunits

18
Q

tropomyosin

A

resides in the actin groove on skeletal muscle, covering the myosin binding sites, preventing attachment

19
Q

troponin interacts with

A

tropomyosin, acting and Ca2+ - when Ca2+ binds, it causes the tropomyosin to shift, exposing mysoin head binding site on actin

20
Q

each myofibril is surrounded by

A

sarcoplasmic reticulum

21
Q

T tube

A

follows the Z line of each myofibril, action potential travels down it to stimulate Ca2+ release from the SR

22
Q

motor unit

A

motor neuron + muscle fiber

23
Q

motor neuron has its

A

cell body in the CNS and axon in skeletal muscle

24
Q

3 brain divisions

A
  1. forebrain
  2. midbrain
  3. hind brain
25
Q

neuron that carries info into the spinal cord

A

afferent

26
Q

forebrain parts

A
  1. cerebrum
  2. thalamus
  3. hypohalamus
27
Q

frontal lobes

A

movement and personality

28
Q

parietal lobes

A

touch and sensation

29
Q

occipital lobes

A

vision

30
Q

temporal lobes

A

hearing

31
Q

outermost layer of the cerebrum

A

cerebral cortex

32
Q

cerebral cortex is composed of

A

grey matter, nerve cells and dendrites

33
Q

thalamus

A

relay station for visual and auditory info

34
Q

brain stem coordinates

A

motor and visceral activities

MCAT (5 decks)

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