Biological Themes

Question 1

Schema of scientific method

Answer 1

Observations–>Hypothesis–>Predictions–>Experiments of new observations (if results not consistent revise hypo)–>Theory (if results are consistent)

Question 2

Define Variability and give examples

Answer 2

“lack of consistency or fixed pattern; liability to vary or change.”
Everyone has the possibility of looking different and in the bio world everyone has different t6raits
ex: All flowers within a garden
All insects within a plant
All bacteria

Question 3

What is Variance

Give both formulas and explain the difference

Answer 3

Numerical measurement of Variablity 
Sum of (xi-x)^2/N or (xi-x)^2/n-1

Question 4

Energy comes from two places: Name them and the names of those who use/make them

Answer 4

1) chemical compounds: consumers

2) the sun: Producers

Question 5

Give synonym for Consumer:

Give synonym for producer:

Answer 5

Heterotroph

Autotroph

Question 6

7 traits of living things

Answer 6

1) Order
2) Reproduction
3) Growth and Development
4) Energy Processing
5) Response to environment
6) homeostasis and regulation
7) Evolutionary adaptation

Question 7

Formulas for Photosynthesis and Respiration

Answer 7

Respiration: C6H12O6+6O2–>6CO2+6H2O+energy
Photosynthesis: the same ^^ but energy is from sunlight

Question 8

List the organization of living things and their definition

just AMOCTOSO

Answer 8

Atom – smallest unit of matter that has distinct properties
Molecule – bonded group of atoms
Organelle – A defined structure that performs a specific function
Cell – simplest complete unit of structure and function Tissue – group of cells with similar structure and function Organ – group of tissues that perform a similar function System – group of organs that perform an overall function
Organism – total living creature composed of many systems

Question 9

List the organization of living things and their definition
(just OPCEBB)
Make sure to define specie

Answer 9

Organism – total living creature composed of many systems Population – localized group of organisms of the same
species
Community – populations of species living in the same area
Ecosystem – the collection of community interactions that include abiotic factors such as soil, temperature and water
Biome – large scale communities classified by predominant vegetation type and distinctive combinations of plants and animals
Biosphere – the sum of all a planet’s ecosystems
Species: a group of organisms with similar structural and functional characteristics that freely interbreed and produce fertile offspring

Question 10

What are the two groups of life and the characteristic about them

Answer 10

Prokaryotes: NO nucleus

• no membrane bound organelles
• small (0.1-10 micrometers)
• single celled

Eukaryotes: nucleus

• memebrane bound organelles
• larger (10-100 micrometres)
• includes all multicellular organisms

Question 11

Basic Phylogenic Tree

Answer 11

LOOK AT DIAGRAM

Question 12

list the three domains

Answer 12

Domain Archae
Domain Eukarya
Domain Bacteria

Question 13

Traits of Domain Archae

Answer 13

Live in extreme environments

There are different kinds (methanogens, halophiles, thermophiles, acidophiles)

Question 14

Traits of domain bacteria

Answer 14

Most ancient organisms on Earth
• We have 100,000,000,000,000 in our body • Have peptidoglycan cell walls
• Have spherical (cocci), rod (bacillus) or spiral/curved (spirillum) shapes

Question 15

Which domains are most genetically similar

Answer 15

Eukaryotes and Archaea

Question 16

What is the least organized domain

Answer 16

Domain Bacteria

Question 17

Name the 3 kingdoms

Answer 17

• Plantae
• Fungi
• Animalia

Question 18

Explain kingdom Plantae

Answer 18

• Autotrophs (photosynthetic ones)
• Always multicellular
• Cellulose cell walls
• Cannot move on their own

Question 19

Explain kingdom fungi

Answer 19

• Absorb their food (heterotrophs) by secreting extracellular enzymes into the environment to break it down
• Mostly multicellular (ex: mushrooms & molds) but some are unicellular (called “yeasts”)
• Reproduce by releasing spores
• Have chitin cell walls
• Decompose dead organic matter
• More similar to animals than plants

Question 20

explain kingdom anamalia

Answer 20

Heterotrophs that ingest
• Always multicellular
• Never have cell walls

Question 21

Define an animal like protist and give an example

Answer 21

Things that have all the same traits as an animal but is single celled (ex: paramecium, malaria)

Question 22

Define a plant like protist and give an example

Answer 22

Things that have all the same traits as a plant but is single celled (ex: algae)

Question 23

Give an example of a fungi like protist

Answer 23

Slime molds, they have all the same traits but may or may not have a chitin cell wall

Question 24

Taxonomic levels

Answer 24

Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Question 25

Can a family be apart of the same class?

Answer 25

yes`

Question 26

Can an order be apart of the same species

Answer 26

no