Biological Psychology Flashcards
1
Q
Midbrain
A
- coordinates + intergrates behavioral responses
- PAG - links amygdala & hypothalamus with prefrontal cortex
- pain + threat
- increase in aggression when potential threat
- Lonstein & Stern 1998
2
Q
Amygdala
A
- integrates sensory modalities
- integrates internal + external stimuli
- centre of emotions
- emotional behavior
- motivation
- expression and aggression
- connected to prefrontal cortex
- indistinctive feeling/ reaction to environment
3
Q
Hypothalamus
A
- maintains homoestasis
- regulation of hormones
- aggressive behavior in males due to testosterone
- regulation of sexual function
4
Q
Prefrontal Cortex
A
- ability to delay gratification of impulse
- governing social interaction
- regulation of behavior
- damage causes problems with anger management, irritation, impulse control
5
Q
Neurotransmitters
A
- Acetylcholine
- Noradrenaline
- Dopamine
- Serotonin
6
Q
Acetylcholine
A
- Memory
- Muscle contractions
- Motor control + movement
- expression of emotions: anger, sexuality
- cognitive functions: attention, alertness
7
Q
Noradrenaline
A
- learning
- sleeping
- emotion
- mood control
- dreaming
8
Q
Dopamine
A
- Learning
- Emotion
- Cognitive functions: posture, control of movement
- involved in schizophrenia
- hormonal regulation: menstrual cycle
- Addictions
9
Q
Serotonin
A
- Regulation of body temperature
- mood control: limbic system
- depression: if serotonin deficiency
- feeling pain
- sleep
- hunger
10
Q
Drugs
A
- Alcohol
- Opoids
- Amphetamines
- Cocaine
- Nicotine
11
Q
Alcohol
A
- Increases GABA
- depressant effect
- inhibits neural transmission
12
Q
Opoids
A
- heroin, morphine
* reduces GABA activity -> overactivity of dopaminergic neurotransmission in the reward pathways of the brain
13
Q
Amphetamines
A
- metamphetamines
- inhibit breakdown by enzymes
- forces release of dopamine + noradrenaline
- increases dopamine + noradrenaline-> changing re uptake process so it works in reverse
- can block re uptake
14
Q
Cocaine
A
- increases activity in dopamine pathway
* blocks re uptake of dopamine
15
Q
Nicotine
A
- targets aspects of dopamine pathway
- increases amount + transmission of dopamine
- blocks enzymes that break down dopamine
- mimics acetylcholine & binds to nicotinic receptors
