biological membranes

Question 1

fluid mosaic model

Answer 1

theory of cell membrane structure with proteins embedded in a sea of phospholipids

Question 2

glycolipid

Answer 2

lipid/ phospholipid with a chain of carbohydrate molecules attached

Question 3

glycoprotein

Answer 3

protein with a chain of carbohydrate molecules attached

Question 4

Plasma membrane

Answer 4

cell surface membrane

Question 5

diffusion

Answer 5

movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration.
does not involve metabolic energy (ATP)
may or may not be across a membrane

Question 6

facilitated diffusion

Answer 6

movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration, across a partially permeable membrane via protein channels or carriers.
doesnt involve metabolic activity (ATP)

Question 7

osmosis

Answer 7

passage of water molecules down their water potential gradient, across a partially permeable membrane.

Question 8

water potential

Answer 8

measure of the tendency (ability) of water molecules to diffuse from one region to another

Question 9

active transport

Answer 9

movement of substances against their concentration gradient (low to high concentration)across a cell membrane.
uses ATP and protein carriers

Question 10

endocytosis

Answer 10

bulk transport of molecules, too large to pass through a cell membrane even via channel or protein carriers, into a cell.
a segment of the plasma membrane surrounds and encloses the particle + brings it into the cell, enclosed in a vesicle.

Question 11

exocytosis

Answer 11

bulk transport of molecules, too large to pass through a cell membrane even via channel or carrier proteins, out of a cell.
a vesicle containing them is moved towards + then fuses with the plasma membrane.