Biological effects of radiation Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the meaning of dosimetry

A

dosimetry is the measure of radiation dose

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2
Q

what is a reference dose

A

these are the dose levels set for different types of xray examinations

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3
Q

what is radiation absorbed dose

A

this is the amount of radiation absorbed from the xray beam

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4
Q

what is the units for radiation absorbed dose

A

the gray (GY)
1 Gray = 1 J/kg-1

it is common to usee the subunits of the gray as it is a large unit so we would use milligrays and micrograys

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5
Q

what is equivalent dose (Ht)

A

this is a measure oif the harmful effects of different types of radiation and we are able to measure this by using radiation weighting factors

for example alpha particles cannot penetrate far into tissue and they have a weighting factor of 20

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6
Q

what is the equation to calculate the equivalent dose

A

equivalent dose (Ht) = radiation absorbed dose x weighting factor of specific type of radiation

measure in sieverts
since the weighting factor for xrays is 1 the equivalent dose would equal the radiation absorbed dose

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7
Q

what is effective dose

A

this allows the comparison of doses to different body parts

we do this because different tissues have different sensitivities to radiationn so it is important to reflect the risk to different tissues

we do this by using the tissue weighting factors

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8
Q

how do we calculate the effective dose

A

effective dose = equivalent dose x tissue weighting factor

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9
Q

what is collective effective dose

A

this is the measure of the total effective dose to a population kmeasured in man-sieverts(man-Sv)

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