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CLEP INTRO PSYCH > BIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR > Flashcards

BIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR Flashcards

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1
Q

SENSE RECEPTORS

A
  • detects heat, light or touch

- pass info. to brain

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2
Q

NEURONS

A

pathway of communication from sensory receptors to brain and vice versa

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3
Q

SENSORY NEURONS

A
  • AFFERENT neurons

- take information from BODY to spinal cord & brain

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4
Q

MOTOR NEURONS

A
  • EFFERENT

- info. from BRAIN TO BODY

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5
Q

INTERNEURONS

A
  • ASSOCIATION NEURONS

- neurons that communicate with other neurons

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6
Q

ACTION POTENTIAL

A
  • electrical signal that is chemically generated
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7
Q

SYNAPTIC GAP

  • what ?
  • what kind of signal?
A

gap between neurons

-communication via NEUROTRANSMITTERS

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8
Q

NEUROTRANSMITTERS

A

chemical molecules contained in vesicles within the axon terminal
-released in the synaptic cleft

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9
Q

enzymatic degradation

A

-breaking down of excess neurotransmitter

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10
Q

REUPTAKE

A

-re-absorption of excess neurotransmitter

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11
Q

SEROTONIN

A

-controls AROUSAL and SLEEP

DECREASE leads to DEPRESSION

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12
Q

AGONIST

A

positive

1) MIMIC neurotransmitter
2) INHIBIT RE-UPTAKE of neurotransmitter

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13
Q

PROZAC

A

AGONIST drug

  • inhibits re-uptake of serotonin
  • helps with depression
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14
Q

ANTAGONIST

A

negative
drugs that 1) BLOCK activation sites
2) inhibits release of neurotransmitter

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15
Q

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

A

includes the BRAIN and SPINAL CORD

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16
Q

PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

  • what?
  • two ways?
A

includes the SENSORY AND MOTOR NEURONS that connect the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body

AUTONOMIC and SOMATIC

17
Q

AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

-two types

A

automatic regulation of internal organs and glands

- SYMPATHETIC and PARASYMPATHETIC NS

18
Q

SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

A

controlling voluntary skeletal muscle movement

19
Q

SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

A

FIGHT OR FLIGHT

20
Q

PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

A

REST AND DIGEST

21
Q

NEURAL NETWORKS

A

groups of neurons that serve similar functions

22
Q

BRAINSTEM

A

controls HEARTBEAT AND BREATHING

23
Q

THALAMUS

A

-relay information received from sensory neurons to higher brain regions

24
Q

RETICULAR FORMATION

A

CONTROLS AROUSAL AND SLEEP

-FILTERS incoming stimuli and send it to other parts of the brain

25
Q

CEREBELLUM

A

coordination of voluntary movements

26
Q

LIMBIC SYSTEM

-composed of?

A
  • HIPPOCAMPUS, AMYGDALA,HYPOTHALAMUS, PITUITARY GLAND
27
Q

HIPPOCAMPUS

A

processes MEMORY

28
Q

AMYGDALA

A

influences FEAR, ANGER, RAGE, PLACIDITY

29
Q

HYPOTHALAMUS

A

-influences HUNGER, THIRST, SEXUAL BEHAVIOR

controls the pituitary gland

30
Q

PITUITARY GLAND

A
  • “MASTER GLAND”

- influence RELEASE of HORMONES

31
Q

HORMONES

A

CHEMICAL messengers

32
Q

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

A

HORMONES and the glands that PRODUCE THEM

33
Q

CEREBRAL CORTEX

  • anatomy?
  • function?
  • 4 regions
A
  • outer covering of the brain
  • MOTOR, COGNITIVE AND SENSORY processes
  • frontal lobes, parietal lobes, temporal lobes, occipital lobes
34
Q

frontal lobe

-2 parts?

A
  • coordinate movement and higher level thinking
    i. e planning and predicting behavior consequences
  • BROCA’S area, WERNICKE’s area
35
Q

BROCA’s area

  • function?
  • when damaged?
A
  • involve in SPEECH

- a person can understand speech but have difficulty speaking

36
Q

WERNICKE’s area

-when damaged?

A
  • speech

- can physically speak but will only string meaningless words

37
Q

PARIETAL LOBES

A
  • top of the head behind the frontal lobes
  • SENSE OF TOUCH
  • allow us to keep tabs where our hands and feet are and what they are up to
38
Q

TEMPORAL LOBES

A

-HEARING

39
Q

OCCIPITAL LOBES

A

SEEING

CLEP INTRO PSYCH (6 decks)

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