Biological approach

Question 1

Main assumptions of the Biological approach

Answer 1

Biopsychologists believe that biology influences behaviour. Everything psychological has a biological basis.

Biological factors include: genotypes, phenotypes and evolution

Question 2

Genetic basis of behaviour

Answer 2

Genes make up the chromosomes and consist of DNA which codes the physical and psychological features of an organism. Genes are transmitted from parents to children.

TWINS - MZ/DZ - concordance rates for schizophrenia

Question 3

Genotype and phenotype

Answer 3

Genotype - the particular set of genes that a person possesses
Phenotype - characteristics determined by both nature and environment

Question 4

Evolution and behaviour

Answer 4

Natural selection:
Evolution of human behaviour is thought to develop in the same way as the physical characteristics of humans.
Traits such as aggression may be adapted to aid survival, and attachment to a primary caregiver provides a connection necessary for survival.

Question 5

Strength of the Biological Approach

Answer 5

1. Uses scientific methods – highly controlled, objective, easy to replicate, allows researchers to check validity of findings — increases scientific credibility
2. Has real-world applications – has improved understanding of biochemistry processes in the brain, leading to development of drug therapies

Question 6

Weaknesses of bio approach

Answer 6

1. Criticised for being reductionist — states that complex behaviour can only be explained in terms of genes, ignoring environmental factors.
2. Deterministic - attempts to explain all behaviour using biology. It is important to consider all factors when examining behaviour.