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PSYCHOLOGY > BIOLOGICAL APPROACH > Flashcards

BIOLOGICAL APPROACH Flashcards

1
Q

TRAITS

A
  • characteristics that make up a personality
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2
Q

TWO MAIN ASPECTS OF PERSONALITY FEATURED IN HANS EYSENCK THEORY (1947)

A
  1. Introversion
  2. Extraversion
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3
Q

WHAT DO EXTROVERTS INHERIT

A

an underactive nervous system

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4
Q

WHAT DO INTROVERTS INHERIT

A

an overreactive nervous system

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5
Q

MONOZYGOTIC TWINS

A

twins that share 100% of genes (identical twins)

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6
Q

DIZYGOTIC TWINS

A

twins that share 50% of genes (non identical twins)

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7
Q

GENOTYPE

A

refers to an individuals actual genetic make-up (nature)

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8
Q

PHENOTYPE

A

refers to how genes are expressed (nurture)

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9
Q

SRY GENE

A

sex-determining
region Y gene

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10
Q

NEUROANATOMY

A

refers to the structure of the brain and nervous system

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11
Q

HEMISPHERIC LATERALISATION

A

idea that each hemisphere is responsible for different functions

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12
Q

MOTOR AREA

A

controls voluntary movements of the body

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13
Q

SOMATOSENSORY AREA

A

processes information about touch, pain, temperature etc.
e.g touch and heat = pain

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14
Q

VISUAL AREA

A

processes information from our eyes

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15
Q

PHINEAS GAGE (1868)

A

Phineas lost front part of brain due to mining incident as a result it changed his personality from kind, respectful to hostile and angry

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16
Q

PLASTICITY

A
  • Brain adapts in both function and structure as a result of change in environment
17
Q

TWO BRANCHES OF SOMANTIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

A
  1. Sensory branch
  2. Motor branch
18
Q

SENSORY BRANCH

A

delivers messages to brain from sense organs.

19
Q

AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

A

automatic functions e.g breathing and heart rate.

20
Q

TWO BRANCHES OF AUTONOMIC

A
  1. Sympathetic (fight-or-flight)
  2. Parasympathetic – (rest and
    digest)
21
Q

WHAT IS THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM MADE OF

A
  1. brain
  2. spinal chord
22
Q

NEUROCHEMISTRY

A

refers to activity of substances in the nervous system

23
Q

NEUROTRANSMITTERS

A

chemicals that allow communication between nerve cells (neurons) in the brain and nervous system

24
Q

TWO EXAMPLES OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS

A
  1. Serotonin
  2. Dopamine
25
Q

SEROTONIN

A

associated to being the happy chemical and impacts mood

26
Q

DOPAMINE

A

associated to a rewarding feeling among other functions

27
Q

HOW DO SSRI’S WORK

A

work by preventing the re-absorption and breakdown of serotonin

28
Q

OESTROGEN

A

main female sex hormone
linked to emotional reactivity in women

29
Q

TESTOSTERONE

A

main male sex hormone
linked to aggression

PSYCHOLOGY (8 decks)

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