BIOL1A - Form and Function Flashcards
Describe diffusion.
The process of high concentration going into low concentration.
Describe tissue heirarchy.
Whole animal -> Organ Systems -> Organs -> Tissues -> Cells -> Molecules
What are the 4 main types of tissues in animals?
Connective, Nervous, Muscle, Epithelial.
Why do all organisms need chemical energy? 5 needs.
For growth, repair, physiological process, regulation, reproduction.
What is used to power cellular work?
ATP
What is metabolic rate?
Metabolic rate is how an organism uses energy over time.
What 5 things quantifies metabolism?
Consumption of O2; Production of CO2, Heat, Water, ATP
What is the relationship between body mass and resting metabolic rate?
As body mass increases, resting metabolic rate decreases. Also, larger animals are using less energy per unity body mass than smaller animals.
Describe homeostasis.
“stays the same”; how an animal controls its internal mechanisms depending on external factors.
What is the difference between endotherms and ectotherms?
Endotherms create their own body heat whereas ectotherms derive their heat from the environment.
What types of animals are endothermic?
Birds and mammals.
What types of animals are ectothermic?
Amphibians and reptiles.
What is the relationship between endothermia and ectothermia and metabolic rate?
Endotherms have a higher metabolic rate compared to ectotherms who have lower metabolic rates.
What are 2 ways animals cope with environmental fluctuations?
Regulators and Conformers.
What are the 3 functional components of a homeostatic control system?
Receptor, Control Center, Effector.
