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DADA > BIOETHICS AND ITS APPLICATION IN VARIOUS HEALTH CARE > Flashcards

BIOETHICS AND ITS APPLICATION IN VARIOUS HEALTH CARE Flashcards

1
Q

is the expulsion of a living fetus from the mother’s womb before it is viable.

A

Abortion

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2
Q

deliberately induced expulsion of a living fetus in order to save the mother from the danger of death brought on by pregnancy.

A

Therapeutic abortion

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3
Q

the expulsion of the fetus through natural or accidental causes.

A

Natural abortion

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4
Q

is defined as deliberately putting to death, in an easy, painless way, of an individual suffering from an incurable condition or disease.

A

Euthanasia

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5
Q

is a special contract of permanent union between a man and a woman entered into in accordance with the law for the establishment of conjugal and family life (Executive Order No.209, Family Code of the Philippines)

A

Marriage

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6
Q

means slow and painful death without quality of life.

A

Dysthanasia

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7
Q

is the way in which we experience and express ourselves as sexual beings

A

Human sexulity

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8
Q

is sexual activity between two people who are not married to each other.Usually, both parties are unmarried

A

Premarital sex

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9
Q

is sex occurring outside marriage, usually referring to when a married person engages in sexual activity with someone other than their marriage partner

A

Extramarital sex

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10
Q

child’s capability to live independently of its mother after it has left the womb.

A

Viability

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11
Q

defined as the voluntary prevention of conception by the positive use of artificial means which hinder the generative cells from uniting during the sexual act.

A

Contraception

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12
Q

consists of depositing a man’s semen in the vagina, cervical canal, or uterus, through the use of instruments (syringes) to bring about conception unattained or unattainable by sexual intercourse.

A

Artificial Insemination

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12
Q

Two types of Artificial Insemination

A

Homologous insemination(AIH)
Heterologous (AID)

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13
Q

in which the semen is obtained from the husband himself.

A

Homologous insemination(AIH)

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14
Q

2 METHODS OF AIH

A

Homologous artificial insemination
Homologous IVF and ET(in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer)

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15
Q

a technique used to facilitate human conception through the transfer into a woman’s vagina of the sperm previously extracted from her husband (with an AI specialist’s instruction, a woman can artificially inseminate herself by using a medical syringe; hence, this is sometimes called “do- it-yourself AI)

A

Homologous artificial insemination

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16
Q

the technique used to facilitate a human conception through in Vitro fertilization of the generative cells (sperm & ovum)of the couple – the newly conceived embryo is transferred into a wife’s uterus for gestation(hence the method is also known as embryo transfer (Shannon1987;603)

A

Homologous IVF and ET(in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer)

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16
Q

a technique in which the semen is Acquired from a donor other than the husband.

A

Heterologous (AID)

17
Q

the technique used to obtain a human conception through the transfer into the genital tracts of the wife of the sperm previously extracted from a donor other than the husband

A

Heterologous artificial insemination

18
Q

the technique used to obtain a human conception through invitro fertilization of the generative cells (sperm and egg)taken from at least one donor other than the two spouses in marriage (Shannon;603) That is , if the husband is the one who has a defect, the donor (or third party) is another man; if it is the wife who has a defect, the donor is another woman. If the wife’s oocytes are defective, the process to be employed is medically known as“ovum donor treatment.”

A

Heterologous IVF and ET,

19
Q

is a biomedical technique whereby a fertilized ovum is implanted into the uterus of another who will carry the baby to term either as a favor or for a fee

A

Surrogate Motherhood/Surrogacy

20
Q

Types of Abortion:

A
  1. Natural abortion/ Spontaneous/ Miscarriage
  2. Direct /intentional abortion
  3. Therapeutic abortion
  4. Eugenic abortion
  5. Indirect abortion
21
Q

this type of abortion is unintentional and involuntary, and hence devoid of moral significance.

A

Natural abortion/ Spontaneous/ Miscarriage

22
Q

this is recommended in case where certain defects are discovered in the developing fetus

A

Eugenic abortion

23
Q

in this case, the removal of the fetus occurs as a secondary effect of legitimate or licit action, which is the direct and primary object of intention.

A

Indirect abortion

24
Q

is the disapproving view of abortion

A

The Prolife position

25
Q

Justifications for the expulsion of the fetus may be classified into:

A
  1. Personal
  2. Social reasons
  3. Fetal reasons
26
Q

a. It underscores freedom of choice, giving centrality to the sovereignty of the individual’s conscience, especially in grey areas of morality

b. It liberates decisions from the control of the church, a woman will bear the consequences of her own moral decisions

c. It safeguards the mother from a pregnancy that would threaten her life possibly resulting in a cancerous uterus, therapeutic abortion, or ectopic pregnancy.

d. It protects the reputation of the woman in cases of pregnancy due to rape and incest

A

Personal

27
Q

a. preventing the births of malformed or defective children

b. Child deformity will cause the family to incur staggering financial and psychological costs

c. Postnatal method of eliminating a couple’s offspring if its sex is found to be undesirable

A

Fetal reasons

27
Q

means worthiness and nobility.

A

Dignity

28
Q

Physiological definition. A person is dead when the heart has stopped beating.
Religious or philosophical definition. Means the separation of body and soul.

A

Death

29
Q

refer to a condition in which the brain is completely destroyed, and in which the cessation of function of all other organs are imminent and inevitable

A

Brain death

30
Q

“easy death” (from the Greek eu-easy Thanatos- “death
Painless, peaceful death

A

Euthanasia (Mercy killing)

31
Q

refer to deliberate action taken with the intention of ending a life, in order to relieve persistent suffering

A

euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide

32
Q

terminally ill patient will deliberately, directly terminate his life by employing painless methods- it is an act of commission insofar as it is voluntary and deliberate

A

Active (Positive) Euthanasia

33
Q

in w/c one allows oneself to die without taking any medicine or by refusing medical treatment- it is act of omission insofar as one simply refuses to take anything to sustain life.
 Is when life-sustaining treatment are withheld.

A

Passive (Negative)Euthanasia

34
Q

is where the sick person wishes to terminate their own life but needs help to carry out this act.

A

Assisted suicide

35
Q

also known as bitterness or aggressive therapy, as it takes into account the suffering of the dying. it is a practice that aims to extended the life of terminal patients, but subjects them to much suffering.

A

Dysthanasia

36
Q

A normal or natural manner of death and dying, sometimes used to denote the deliberate stopping of artificial or heroic means of maintaining life

A

Orthothanasia

37
Q

Are legal documents that allow you to spell out your decisions about end-of-life care ahead of time

A

Advance Directives

38
Q
  • The living will* Durable power of attorney for health care/Medical power of attorney
  • POLST (Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment)
  • Do not resuscitate (DNR) orders
  • Organ and tissue donation
A

Advance Directives

39
Q

A do-not-resuscitate order, or DNR order, is a medical order written by a doctor. It instructs health care providers not to do cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) if a the patient’s breathing stops or if the patient’s heart stops beating

A

DNR or End of Life Care Plan

40
Q

The steps of the ethical decision-making process:

A
  • Problem Definition
  • Data Collection
  • Data Analysis.
  • The Identification, Exploration and Generation of Possible Solutions to the Problem and the Implications of Each
  • Selecting the Best Possible Solution.
  • Performing the Selected Desired Course of Action to Resolve the Ethical Dilemma
  • Evaluating the Results of the Action.

DADA (10 decks)

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