Bioenergetics

Question 1

What is the word equation for Photosynthesis?

Answer 1

Carbon Dioxide + Water => Oxygen + Glucose

Question 2

What are the chemical symbols for these molecules:

1) Water
2) Carbon Dioxide
3) Oxygen
4) Glucose

Answer 2

1) H(2)O
2) CO(2)
3) O(2)
4) C(6)H(12)O(6)

Question 3

Photosynthesis is affected by limiting factors.

What is meant by the term ‘limiting factor’?

Answer 3

A factor which is not at an optimum level to enable maximum rate of photosynthesis e.g. temperature

Question 4

Name the raw materials needed by a plant for photosynthesis?

Answer 4

Carbon dioxide and water

Question 5

Name the green pigment present in plant cells.

Answer 5

Chlorophyll

Question 6

What is the role of this green pigment?

Answer 6

To transfer energy from the environment and use it to synthesise glucose from carbon dioxide and water.

Question 7

List three ways commercial farmers improve the environmental conditions in large greenhouses to maximise photosynthesis and ensure
they make a profit.

Answer 7

Increase the air temperature with heaters.

Provide artificial lighting to supplement the sunlight and through the
night.

Increase the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Question 8

List three ways glucose produced by photosynthesis is used in plants?

Answer 8

Used for respiration; used to produce fats or oils for storage; used to
produce amino acids for protein synthesis; converted into insoluble starch
for storage; used to produce cellulose to strengthen cell walls.

Question 9

Calculate the light intensity for the following student data.

Distance of lamp from pond weed (m):
1) 0.3
2) 0.5
Use the formula:
Light Intensity α 1/ distance(2)

Answer 9

Light Intencity

1) 11.11
2) 4

Question 10

When does respiration occur in cells?

Answer 10

Continuously

Question 11

Is Oxygen required for:

1) Aerobic Respiration
2) Anaerobic respiration in animal cells
3) Anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast cells

Answer 11

1) Yes
2) No
3) No

Question 12

What are the end products of:

1) Aerobic Respiration
2) Anaerobic respiration in animal cells
3) Anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast cells

Answer 12

1) Carbon dioxide and water
2) Lactic acid
3) Ethanil and Carbon dioxide

Question 13

Is oxidation of glucose complete or incomplete in:

1) Anerobic Respiration
2) Anaerobic respiration in animal cells
3) Anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast cells

Answer 13

1) complete
2) incomplete
3) incomplete

Question 14

Is efficiency of energy transfer high or low in:

1) Aerobic Respiration
2) Anaerobic respiration in animal cells
3) Anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast cells

Answer 14

1) high
2) low
3) low

Question 15

Name three processes that organisms require energy for.

Answer 15

Chemical reactions to build larger molecules, keeping warm and
movement.

Question 16

What does the chemical formula C(6)H(12)O(6) represent?

Answer 16

Glucose

Question 17

Write down the word equation for aerobic respiration in a plant cell.

Answer 17

glucose + oxygen ==> carbon dioxide + water

Question 18

Write down the word equation for anaerobic respiration in a yeast cell.

Answer 18

glucose ==> carbon dioxide + ethanol

Question 19

Why is fermentation of economic importance?

Answer 19

Used in the manufacture of bread and alcoholic drinks.

Question 20

Describe three ways in which the body responds to vigorous exercise in order
to ensure sufficient oxygen reaches the muscle cells.

Answer 20

Increase in heart rate; increase in breathing rate and increase in
breath volume.

Question 21

If exercise carries on for a long time, what happens to the muscles?

Answer 21

Muscles become fatigued and stop contracting efficiently.

Question 22

Why is respiration described as an exothermic reaction?

Answer 22

Respiration is an exothermic reaction because it transfers energy to
the environment.

Question 23

Name three large molecules

Answer 23

Carbohydrates
Lipids
Protein

Question 24

What are Carrbohydrates made from?

Answer 24

Many glucose

molecules

Question 25

What are Lipids made from?

Answer 25

1 molecule of glycerol
and 3 molecules of
fatty acid

Question 26

What are Proteins made from?

Answer 26

Many amino acids

Question 27

What is the definition of metabolism?

Answer 27

Metabolism is the sum of all reactions which occur in a cell or body.

Question 28

Describe the process for removing lactic acid from the body.

Answer 28

Blood flows through the muscle cells and transports the lactic acid to the liver where it is converted back into glucose. The glucose is then used in aerobic respiration or stored as glycogen.

Question 29

What is meant by the oxygen debt?

Answer 29

The amount of extra oxygen which is needed to remove all lactic acid from the body is known as the oxygen debt.