Bioenergetics

Question 1

What organelle absorbs energy required for photosynthesis?

Answer 1

chlorophyll

Question 2

In what part of the cell does photosynthesis take place?

Answer 2

In chloroplasts

Question 3

What is the word equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 3

Carbon dioxide + water ➔ glucose + oxygen

Question 4

What is the balanced chemical symbol equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 4

6CO2 + 6H2O ➔ C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 5

Which type of reaction is photosynthesis?

Answer 5

Endothermic

Question 6

What can the glucose made during photosynthesis be used for?

Answer 6

Respiration

Stored as starch for later

Question 7

How do plants get the carbon dioxide required for photosynthesis?

Answer 7

It diffuses from the air into the leaves via stomata

Question 8

How do plants get the water required for photosynthesis?

Answer 8

It diffuses from the soil into the root hair cells by osmosis

Question 9

What makes starch a useful long term storage molecule?

Answer 9

It can easily be broken down when needed

It is compact

It is insoluble in water

Question 10

What do plants need to make amino acids?

Answer 10

nitrate ions and glucose

Question 11

What are the main uses of glucose in plants?

Answer 11

Cellular respiration
Make cellulose
Make starch
Make amino acids
Make lipids

Question 12

What is the formula for the inverse square law?

Answer 12

light intensity = 1/d^2
d = distance between light source and object

Question 13

What is the role of chlorophyll?

Answer 13

To absorb light energy for photosynthesis

Question 14

Why may plants produce insufficient chlorophyll?

Answer 14

They have a disease like Tobacco Mosaic Virus
They lack the required nutrients

Question 15

What are 3 environmental factors effecting the rate of photosynthesis?

Answer 15

Light intensity

Amount of carbon dioxide

Temperature

Question 16

What could cause the rate of photosynthesis to plateau?

Answer 16

limiting co2 conc.
limiting light intensity

Question 17

What could cause the rate of photosynthesis to decrease quickly once it gets too high?

Answer 17

temperature

Question 18

Describe and explain how the rate of photosynthesis varies with temperature.

Answer 18

At first the rate of photosynthesis rises with temperature as the particles have more energy and move more quickly. This means they can react more quickly and so the rate is higher.

However, as temperature rises above the optimum temperature for the enzymes involved, the enzymes may start to break down. This decreases the rate until it falls to zero (when the enzymes are denatured).

Question 19

How can farmers ensure that photosynthesis takes place 24 hours a day?

Answer 19

Use artificial lighting

Question 20

What are the 2 benefits of paraffin heaters?

Answer 20

as they burn, they release a lot of heat and co2 boosting photosynthesis

Question 21

Is respiration an exothermic or endothermic reaction?

Answer 21

exothermic

Question 22

What is metabolism?

Answer 22

The combination of all chemical reactions in an organism

Question 23

What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?

Answer 23

Glucose + oxygen ➔ carbon dioxide + water

Question 24

What is glucose converted to during anaerobic respiration in animals?

Answer 24

lactic acid

Question 25

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and fungi?

Answer 25

Glucose ➔ ethanol + carbon dioxide

Question 26

Why is aerobic respiration more sustainable than anaerobic respiration?

Answer 26

anaerobic respiration releases much less energy and produces lactic acid which can damage cells

Question 27

Which organ in the body removes the lactic acid from the blood.

Answer 27

liver