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Biochemistry > Bioenergetics > Flashcards

Bioenergetics Flashcards

1
Q

Low energy bonds

A

Phosphate ester >glucose 6 phosphate
Carboxyl ester> fatty acids+glycerol
Glycosidic
Peptide

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2
Q

High energy phosphate bonds

A

Enol phosphate>2PEP>14.8
Carboxyl phosphate> 1,3BPG>11.8
Pyrophosphate >ADP,ATP

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3
Q

High energy sulfur bonds

A

Thio ester> carboxyl + thiol of coA
SAM
PAPS

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4
Q

3rd type of high energy bonds

A

B-ketoacyl-coA
Acetoacetyl coA during fatty acids b oxidation

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5
Q

CoA is a carrier of

A

Acids

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6
Q

Enol is

A

Rearranged ketone

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7
Q

High energy phosphate bonds is stored as…in muscles
Why

A

Creatine phosphate
ATP is unstable

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8
Q

Starting electrical potential vs ending in ETC

A

-0.32v
0.82v

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9
Q

Components

A

4 protein complexes
2 mobile electron carriers
(ubiquinone)=co enzyme Q
Cytochrome C , hemoprotein
Complex V that synthesise ATP

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10
Q

What is a hemoprotein

A

Porphyrin ring+iron=heme
Heme+protein=hemoprotein

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11
Q

The complexes componenets

A

1- flavoprotein, FMN,7 Fe-S
2-flavoprotein, FAD, 2 Fe-S
3- hemoprotein, cytochrome c , cytochrome b, 1 Fe-S
4- hemoprotein, cytochrome a, cytochrome a3, 2 atoms of Cu

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12
Q

Why is complex 2 projected towards the mitochondrial matrix and not integral like the other complexes

A

Two easily work on succinate that is present in the krebs cycle which occurs in the matrix

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13
Q

Why FO

A

As this subunit is sensitive to oligomycin antibiotic in bacteria

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14
Q

Starting from NADH
Starting fromFAD

A

2.5
1.5
ATP

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15
Q

P:O ratio is

A

Relationship between ATP generation and oxygen consumption

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16
Q

Why cellular respiration

A

As it consumes oxygen

17
Q

Uncoupling protein

A

Thermogenin in inner mitochondrial membrane in brown adipose tissue in animals

18
Q

How physiological uncoupler works

A

Forms a channel for the passage of protons from inter membrane space to matrix other than the ATP synthase channel causing a release of energy as heat without ATP synthesis

19
Q

Pathological

A

Thyrotoxicosis>thyroid hormone high levels which increase inner mitochondrial membrane permeability, losing weight and heat intolerance

Aspirin overdose> acetyl salicylate, above 150mg/kg, hyperthermia, by disrupting the proton gradient causing uncoupling and release of energy as heat

20
Q

Clinical correlation

A

**Cyanide carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide or powerful poisons that inhibits to Chrome sea oxidase complex 4 and inhibit ATP sybthesis **
CO > cars
H2S> oil drilling
Cyanide> natural gas

Low amounts> dizziness, breathless,headache
Large amounts> convulsions,coma,death

21
Q

Barbiturates
Hypoxia

A

Not under psychiatrist supervision inhibits complex I

No oxidation, no phosphorylation death to the cell

Biochemistry (11 decks)

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