Bioenergetics

Question 1

What do you call the sum total of all biochemical reactions involved in maintaining the dynamic state of the cell?

Answer 1

Metabolism

Question 2

What classification of metabolism includes the breakdown of molecules to produce energy?

Answer 2

Catabolism

Question 3

What classification of metabolism includes the synthesis of molecules that consume energy?

Answer 3

Anabolism

Question 4

Where are mitochondria synthesized?

Answer 4

Cytosol

Question 5

Why do mitochondria identify as the powerhouse of the cell?

Answer 5

Because it is the pathway or site for directly producing energy.

Question 6

In what membrane does the citric acid cycle take place inside the mitochondria?

Answer 6

Inner membrane

Question 7

What are the two parts of the common catabolic pathway?

Answer 7

1. Citric Acid Cycle

2. Oxidative Phosphorylation Pathway

Question 8

What composes the oxidative phosphorylation pathway?

Answer 8

1. Electron transport chain

2. Phosphorylation

Question 9

What is the primary energy currency of the cell?

Answer 9

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

Question 10

True or False.

ATP consists of 6 phosphates.

Answer 10

False.

ATP consists of 3 phosphates.

Question 11

How much ATP equates to NADH?

Answer 11

3 moles of ATP

Question 12

How much ATP equates to FADH?

Answer 12

2 moles of ATP

Question 13

What is the operative part of NAD+?

Answer 13

Nicotinamide

Question 14

What is the operative part of FADH?

Answer 14

Flavin

Question 15

What chemical reaction happens when you convert NAD+ to NADH?

Answer 15

Dehydrogenation

Question 16

What is the reduced form of NAD+?

Answer 16

NADH

Question 17

What is the final principal compound in the common metabolic pathway?

Answer 17

Coenzyme A (CoA)

Question 18

What is the final common pathway of biomolecules?

Answer 18

Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)

Question 19

In what conditions does the Krebs cycle happen?

Answer 19

Aerobic conditions

Question 20

How many reactions happen under the TCA cycle?

Answer 20

8 reactions

Question 21

In what steps does the regulation of the TCA cycle happen?

Answer 21

Steps 3 and 4

Question 22

What is the average net ATP yield from a single glucose molecule?

Answer 22

30-38 ATP

Question 23

What is the first intermediate (product) formed during the Krebs Cycle?

Answer 23

Citric Acid

Question 24

What element is the final electron acceptor?

Answer 24

Oxygen

Question 25

How much ATP is yielded after glycolysis?

Answer 25

2 ATP

Question 26

What enzyme catalyzes the 10th step in glycolysis?

Answer 26

Pyruvate kinase

Question 27

What enzyme catalyzes the 1st step in glycolysis?

Answer 27

Hexokinase

Question 28

What are the fates of pyruvate?

Answer 28

1. Ethanol 2. Lactic Acid (Lactate) 3. Acetyl CoA

Question 29

In what conditions does oxidation of pyruvate to Acetyl CoA happen?

Answer 29

Aerobic condition

Question 30

In what conditions does fermentation of pyruvate to ethanol to lactate happen?

Answer 30

Anaerobic condition

Question 31

What do you call the cycle that will yield pyruvate from lactate?

Answer 31

Cori Cycle

Question 32

An iron-carrying protein.

Answer 32

Ferritin

Question 33

What biochemical reaction converts an amino acid to a keto acid?

Answer 33

Oxidative deamination

Question 34

A cyclic pathway that produces urea from CO2 and NH4+.

Answer 34

Urea Cycle

Question 35

What can you get from a single triacylglyceride after lipolysis?

Answer 35

1. 3 Fatty Acids | 2. Glycerol

Question 36

What is the primary site for ketogenesis?

Answer 36

liver

Question 37

What is the precursor for the synthesis of steroid hormones?

Answer 37

Cholesterol

Question 38

What are the intermediates (product) of the Krebs Cycle?

Answer 38

1. 3 NADH 2. 1 FADH 3. 1 GTP

Question 39

True or False. | Glycolysis consumes 4 ATP.

Answer 39

False. | Glycolysis only uses 2 ATP.

Question 40

Where does oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA happen?

Answer 40

pathway between cytoplasm and mitochondria