Biodiversity (Organisms + Phyla) - Unit 1 Flashcards
What are deuteromycota? Give the kingdom, common name, and examples.
Fungi imperfecti:
> Ex. penicillium- greenish fungus grown on moldy fruit, also produces antibiotic penicillin
Ex. cyclosporin- given after transplant surgery to supress immune system (helps from organ rejection), this form of the fungi lives in soil
Ex. cheese- the strong flavour to blue cheese
What are chytridiomycota? Give the kingdom, common name, and examples.
Chytrids:
> Most are aquatic
Their spores have flagella
They are parasitic fungus that live in soil and infect potato plants, causes warts and deforms them
What are zygomycota? Give the kingdom, common name, and examples.
Zygospore fungi:
> Common molds on foods
> ex. bread mold (rhizopus)
What are ascomycota? Give the kingdom, common name, and examples.
Sac fungi:
> ex. powdery mildews on leaves and truffles
> ex. yeast sac bud
What are basidiomycota? Give the kingdom, common name, and examples.
Club fungi:
> Grows on lawns and forest floors, places that lack sunlight and are cool n damp
> ex. mushrooms
What are chrysophta? Give the kingdom, traits, and examples.
- Plant-like protist
- Ex. phytoplankton, diatoms
- Have rigid silica walls
- Float in the ocean
- Reproduce sexually and asexually
- Contain harmful toxins
What are pyrrophta? Give the kingdom, traits, and examples.
- Plant-like protist
- Ex. dinoflagellates (two flagella)
- Provide energy to coral reefs
- Bioluminescent
- Algal bloom: reproduce quickly
What are euglenoza? Give the kingdom, traits, and examples.
- Plant-like protist
- Ex. euglenoids
- Photosynthesis (chloroplast)
- Can consume other protist
- Eye-spot to find sunlight
- One flagella
- Found in slow fresh water
What are animal-like protists called? Give the general traits.
Protozoans
- All heterotrophs
- Locomotion (movement)
What are ciliphora? Give the kingdom, traits, and examples.
- Animal-like protist
- Common name: ciliates
- Have an outer covering to give shape
- Live in fresh and salt water
- Multiple nuclei
- Have cilia: hair-like protein structures to move
- Ex. Paramecium
What are zoomastigina? Give the kingdom, traits, and examples.
- Animal-like protist
- Common name: flagellates
- Single celled
- More than one flagella
- Have a protective outer coating
What are cercozoans? Give the kingdom, traits, and examples.
- Animal-like protist
- Common name: amoebas
> also pseudopods - Can change shape
- Have false feet to move
- Live in salt water, fresh water, mud, and on animals
What are sporozoa? Give the kingdom, traits, and examples.
- Animal-like
- Single celled
- Immobile: transported by host body fluids
Give the general traits of fungi-like protists.
- All heterotrophs
- Sexual; use spores
- Live in cool and damp environments
What are myxomycota? Give the kingdom, traits, and examples.
- Fungi-like protist
- Engulf food
- Meiosis: produces spores which burst out and disperse
What are acrasiomycota? Give the kingdom, traits, and examples.
- Fungi-like protist
- Common name: cellular slime mold
- Move like an amoeba
- Pseudoplasmodium: structure for when food is scarce, has a mushroom-like appearance
What are oomycota? Give the kingdom, traits, and examples.
- Fungi-like protist
- Common name: water mold
- Aquatic (mostly)
- Parasitic to fish, insects, and plants
- Extends threads into host tissues
What are porifera? Give the kingdom, traits, and examples.
- Animalia
- Ex. sponges
- Asymmetric
- No digestive openings
- No coelom present
- Invertebrate
- Sessile
What are cnidaria? Give the kingdom, traits, and examples.
- Animalia
- Ex. hydras and jellyfish
- Radial symmetry
- One digestive opening
- No coelom present
- Invertebrate
- Polyp (tentacles above) or medusa (tentacles below)
What are platyhelminthes? Give the kingdom, traits, and examples.
- Animalia
- Ex. flatworms
- Bilateral symmetry
- One digestive opening
- No coelom present
- Invertebrate
- Flat bodies
What are nematoda? Give the kingdom, traits, and examples.
- Animalia
- Ex. round worms
- Bilateral symmetry
- Two digestive openings
- No coelom present
- Invertebrate
- Often parasitic
What are annelida? Give the kingdom, traits, and examples.
- Animalia
- Ex. segmented worms
- Bilateral symmetry
- Two digestive openings
- Coelom present
- Invertebrate
- Have segments
What are mollusca? Give the kingdom, traits, and examples.
- Animalia
- Ex. mollusks, octopuses, clams
- Bilateral symmetry
- Two digestive openings
- Coelom present
- Invertebrate
- Shell present
What are echinodermata? Give the kingdom, traits, and examples.
- Animalia
- Ex. echinoderms
- Radial symmetry in adults
- Two digestive openings
- Coelom present
- Invertebrate
- Bilateral symmetry in embryos
