Animals (Disorders) - Unit 4 Flashcards
For Friday assignment
Describe Peptic Ulcers.
- Tissue becomes inflamed
- Protective mucus weaker
- Tissue coming in contact with acidic gas juices
What causes of Peptic Ulcers?
Acid resistant bacteria = helicobacter pylori
What is the treatment for Peptic Ulcers?
Antibiotics, antacids (neutralize)
What are the symptoms of Peptic Ulcers?
Dull pain stomach, acid reflux, low appetite
Describe Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
Chronic inflammation in the intestines
What are the types of Inflammatory Bowel Disease?
Crohn’s Disease (attack any part alimentary canal)
Ulcerative colitis (colon attack) *usually an immune response
What is the treatment for Inflammatory Bowel Disease?
No cure/anti inflammatory/surgery
What are the symptoms of Inflammatory Bowel Disease?
Loose + bloody stools
Describe Constipation.
When fecal movement is too slow
What causes Constipation?
Low water intake + unhealthy diet
What are the symptoms of Constipation?
Difficulty pushing stool out + hard texture
What is the treatment for Constipation?
More water + fiber (cellulase fruits, veggies, whole grains)
Describe Colon Cancer.
Growth cells in the large intestine (polyp = cancer cells)
What are the symptoms of Colon Cancer?
Constantly changing stool, bowel habits, diarrhea/constipation, lasting longer four weeks, bloody poop
What is the treatment for Colon Cancer?
Surgery
Describe Hepatitis.
Viral infection within the liver causing inflammation
What causes Hepatitis?
- Type A: Contaminated water (from bacteria in feces)
- Type B: Sexual contact and infected blood
- Type C: Infected blood and injections/needles
What are the symptoms of Hepatitis?
Yellow skin and eyes (Jaundice), pale stool, dark urine
What is the treatment for Hepatitis?
Antiviral medicine, liver transplant (chronic Hepatitis = subtle changes)
Describe Cirrhosis.
Non-functioning scar liver tissue that replaces healthy tissue liver
What causes Cirrhosis?
Viral infection, alcohol, toxins
What are the symptoms of Cirrhosis?
Confusion, drowsiness, bleeding easily, yellow discoloration, breast enlargement (in men)
What is the treatment for Cirrhosis?
Preventing hepatitis with vaccines, reduce alcohol, surgery
Describe Gallstones.
Hard salt masses occur Gall bladder, block bile duct, Cholesterol (precipitates), (crystalize)
What causes Gallstones?
Obesity, alcohol, heredity
What are the symptoms of Gallstones?
Attacks occur every so often, pain starting 30 minutes after a fatty or greasy meal, severe, dull, constant pain that can last from 1 to 5 hours
What is the treatment for Gallstones?
Change diet (add omega 3 oils), surgery, ultrasound shock waves
Describe the Appendix.
Safe area for good bacteria in the gut
Do you need your Appendix? If so, why?
Yes.
When bad bacteria infects the intestines, the immune system tries to use water to flush out bad bacteria from the colon, and the Appendix is where the good bacteria can go to avoid being flushed out through diarrhea
What is Appendicitis?
It is when the Appendix is blocked by stool, a foreign body, cancer, or an infection
Describe Diabetes.
When body cells are unable to use glucose for energy resulting in high blood sugar levels
What causes Diabetes?
Not enough insulin/ body cannot use insulin (which moves glucose into body cells to make energy)
What are the types of Diabetes?
Type 1: Autoimmune disease that develops in children
Type 2: Insulin insensitivity developed in adults
What are the symptoms of Diabetes?
Kidney disease, eye disease, nerve damage, limb damage, cardiovascular disease
What is the treatment for Diabetes?
Insulin injections can increase the lifespan of Diabetics (if used in conjunction with exercise and a proper diet), this was discovered by Charles Best and Frederick Bantin
Describe Celiac Disease.
Sensitivity to gluten (protein in wheat, rye, barley), damages villi in the small intestine which takes your ability to absorb nutrients from the food you eat
What causes Celiac Disease?
The immune system attacks gluten, which harms the villi in the small intestine, which makes us unable to absorb nutrient from food, making us sick
What are the symptoms of Celiac Disease?
Child: abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, vomiting
Adult: anemia, fatigue, bone loss, depression
What is the treatment for Celiac Disease?
Change diet to be gluten free
Describe Gastroesophageal Reflux.
Frequent acid reflux, damaging to the esophagus
What causes Gastroesophageal Reflux?
Cardiac sphincter not properly closing
What are the symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux?
Chest discomfort, sore throat, sour taste mouth
What is the treatment for Gastroesophageal Reflux?
Medicine to neutralize/reduce acid production in the stomach (H-2 blocker, calcium carbonate ions)
