BIODIVERSITY - Classifying Species Flashcards
What is a taxon?
A category used to classify organisms
What is a genus?
A taxon level of a group with similar species
What are the 7 taxon levels
1.Kingdom
2. Phylum
3. Class
4. Order
5. Family
6. Genus
7. Species
What are the three domains?
- Bacteria
- Archaea
- Eukaryotes
What are the four kingdoms?
Animal, Protist, Plants, and fungi
What is binomial nomenclature? Who invented it?
It is a genus name and a species name.
Carl Linneus invented binomial nomenclature.
What are Dichotomous Key’s used for?
A way of classifying species based off of their morphology.
Adavantages to a dichotomous key.
Easy way to classify species based off of morphological features, as well as their nutritional habits, reproduction methods etc.
Disadvantages to a dichotomous key.
Misclassification.
Although species may have similar physical features and characteristics, these keys can be wrong because they aren’t as consise as DNA samples.
What are phylogenetic trees?
The branches like a tree, split which shows two evolutionary lineages splitting from their common ancestor.
Give an example of how phylogenetic trees help scientists.
Scientists use the tree to see a species most recent or most distant from the common ancestor.
What is homologies?
It is an observable and genetic similarity from a shared ancestor.
What is analogy?
similar adaptations in organisms from different evolutionary lineages.
Does homology reflect evolutionary history only?
Yes.
What is a clade?
It is a group of organisms that have diverged but recently share a common ancestor.
What does parsimony mean?
It’s a way scientists describe as a simple and cheap way of finding the most logical ancestor.
What is an outgroup?
It is the species from an evolutionary lineage that is known to diverge from the lineage of the in groups.
Ignore card couldn’t delete
Ignore this card
What does species diversity mean?
It is a measure of diversity in different species present in an ecosystem.
Why is species diversity important?
Having a variety of species allows ecosystems to survive environmental changes like drought, plague, or disease outbreaks.
What is ecosystem diversity?
It is a diverse range of habitants, the various organisms that live in the habitats, and the relationships that connect them.
Why is ecosystem diversity so important?
All parts of an ecosystem are interconnected, so any change to a single part of the ecosystem will have an effect on the entire ecosystem.
What is genetic diversity?
Genetic variety of same species.
Why is genetic diversity so important?
Genetic diversity allows populations to adapt to changes such as environmental conditions.
