biodiversity and conservation Flashcards
1
Q
how many species of ants are there?
A
20,000
2
Q
how many species of beetles are there
A
3 lakh
3
Q
how many species of fishes are there
A
28,000
4
Q
how many species of orchids are there
A
nearly 20,000
5
Q
who popularised the term biodiversity
A
Edward Wilson
6
Q
Edward Wilson popularised which term
A
biodiversity
7
Q
Rauwolfia Vomitoria grows in which region
A
different himalayan ranges
8
Q
example for genetic variation is shown by
A
Rauwolfia Vomitoria
9
Q
Rauwolfia Vomitoria is a ___ plant
A
medicinal
10
Q
genetic variation of Rauwolfia Vomitoria might be in terms of ___ and ___ of the chemical produced by it
A
potency and concentration
11
Q
which chemical is produced by Rauwolfia Vomitoria
A
reserpine
12
Q
reserpine is an ___ chemical
A
active
13
Q
how many genetically different strains of rice does India have
A
more than 50,000
14
Q
hoe many varieties of mango does India have
A
1000
15
Q
give an example for species diversity
A
western ghats have greater amphibian diversity than eastern ghats
16
Q
which species diversity is more in western ghats than eastern ghats
A
amphibian
17
Q
western ghats have greater/lower amphibian diversity than eastern ghats
A
greater
18
Q
give an example for ecological diversity
A
India has a greater ecosystem diversity than Norway
19
Q
Norway is a ____ country
A
scandinavian
20
Q
we could lose all the rich diversity in less than ____ if the present rates of species losses continue
A
two centuaries
21
Q
according to IUCN (2004) total number of plant and animal species described so far is slightly more than ____
A
1.5 million
22
Q
according to _____, total number of plant and animal species described so far is slightly more than 1.5 million
A
IUCN (2004)
23
Q
speciec inventories are more complete in ___ than in ___ countries
A
temparate than in tropical countries
24
Q
large proportion of species are waiting to be discovered in the ____
A
tropics
25
an estimate given by some biologists on total no. of species on earth was
20 to 50 million
26
estimate given by Robert May places global species diversity at about
7 million
27
who gave the estimate for global species diversity as 7 million
Robert May
28
what % of total species is animals
more than 70%
29
what % of total species did the plants comprise of
no more than 22%
30
among animals, ___ are the most species rich taxonomic group
insects
31
what % of animals does insects make
70%
32
out of every 10 animals on this planet, __ are insects
7
33
the number of ____ species are more than the combined total of fishes, amphibians, reptiles and mammals
fungi
34
the number of fungi species are more than the combined total of ___, ___, ___ and ___
fishes, amphibians, reptiles and mammals
35
the estimates of species diversity doesnt give any figure for
prokaryotes
36
if we accept biochemical or molecular criteria for declining species for _____ group, then their diversity along might run into millions
prokaryotic
37
what % of world’s land area does India has
2.4%
38
what % of global species diversity does India have
8.1
39
what makes our country one of the 12 mega diversity countries
8.1% of global species diversity
40
how many species of plants are recorded from India
45,000
41
nearly 45,000 species of plants and ___ as many of animals have been recorded from india
twice
42
nearly 45,000 species of plants and twice as many of _____ have been recorded from india
animals
43
if we accept May’s global estimates, only ___ of the total species have been recorded so far
22%
44
if we accept ______, only 22% of the total species have been recorded so far
May’s global estimates
45
how many plant species are yet to be discovered in India
1 lakh
46
how many animal species are yet to be discovered in India
more than 3 lakh
47
give two patterns of biodiversity
latitudinal gradients
| species area relationship
48
species diversity increases/decreases as we move from equator to poles
decreases
49
species diversity decreases as we move from ____ to ___
equator
poles
50
tropics harbor mire/less species than temperate or polar areas
more
51
latitudinal range of tropics
23.5 degreees N to 23.5 degrees S
52
columbia located near ___ has nearly 1400 species of birds
equator
53
____ located near equator has nearly 1400 species of birds
columba
54
columbia located near equator has nearly ___ species of birds
1400
55
columbia located near equator has nearly 1400 species of ___
birds
56
___ at 41 degree N has 105 species of birds
New york
57
New york at _____ has 105 species of birds
41 degree N
58
New york at 41 degree N has 105 species of ___
birds
59
New york at 41 degree N has ___ species of birds
105
60
____ at 71 degree N has 56 species of birds
greenland
61
Greeenland at _____ has 56 species of birds
71 degree N
62
Greeenland at 71 degree N has ___ species of birds
56
63
Greeenland at 71 degree N has 56 species of ___
birds
64
India has most of its land area in the __ latitides
tropical
65
how many species of birds does india have
1200
66
give two forests in tropical region
Equador
| amazon forest
67
equador is a forest in the __ region
tropical
68
how many times more vascular plant species does Equador have than Midwest
10 times more
69
what species is 10 times more in equadoe than in midwest
vascular plant species
70
a forest in the temperate region
Midwest
71
Midwest is in the
USA
72
The amazonian forest is in
South America
73
which forest has the greatest biodiversity on earth
amazon forest
74
how many species of plants does amazon forest have
more than 40,000
75
how many species of fishes does amazon forest have
30,000
76
how many species of birds does amazon forest have
1300
77
how many species of mammals does amazon forest have
427
78
how many species of amphibians does amazon forest have
427
79
how many species of reptiles does amazon forest have
378
80
how many species of invertebrates does amazon forest have
more than 1,25,000
81
how many species of insects are waiting to be discovered in amazon forest
atleast 2 million
82
speciation is generally a function of
time
83
Which latitude have been remained relatively undisturbed for millions of years
Tropical
84
Which region is subjected to frequent glaciations
Temperate
85
Which latitude had a long evolutionary time for species diversification
Tropical
86
Tropical environments unlike temperate are less ___, relatively more ___ and ___
Seasonal
Constant
Predictable
87
What type of environments promote niche and specialisation and lead ro a greater species diversity
Constant environment
88
There is more ___ ___ available in the tropics
Solar energy
89
There is more/less solr energy available in the tropics than in temperate
More
90
There is more solar energy available in the ___ than in ____
Tropics
| Temperate
91
What contributes to higher productivity
More solar energy
92
Alexander von Humboldt observed species area diversity during his explorations in
South american jungles
93
Who observed species area relationship
Alexander von Humboldt
94
Alexander von Humboldt was a __ and ___
German naturalist and geographer
95
What did Alexander von Humboldt observed
Within a region, species richness increased with increased explored area, but only upto a limit.
96
Which taxa had a rectangular hyperbola when species richness and area was plotted (4)
Angiosperms
Birds
Bats
Freshwater fishes
97
The shape of graph of species area relationship is
Rectangular hyperbola
98
Species area relationship when plotted with ligarithmic scale, what was its shape
Straight line
99
The straight line of species area relationship graph is described by which equation
logS = logC + Z logA
100
What is ‘Z’ in the equation of species area relationship
Slope of line
| Regression coefficient
101
Slope of the straight line in species area relationship graph is
Z
102
Value of Z lies in the range
0.1 to 0.2
103
Does Z depend on the taxonomic group or the region
No
104
The range of value of Z is 0.1 to 0.2 regardless of the
taxonomic group or the region
105
For species area relationship of larger areas like the continents, the slope of the line becomes much
Steeper
106
For very large areas, value of Z ranges between
0.6 to 1.2
107
What is Z value for frugivorous birds and mammals in the tropical forests of different continents.
1.15
108
____ and ___ in the tropical forests of different continents have a Z value of 1.15
Frugivorius birds and mammals
109
Frugivorous birds and mammals in the ____ forests of different continents have a Z value of 1.15
Tropical
110
The term biodiversity coined by
W.G rosen
111
Genetic diversity maybe at the levels of __, __ and __
Genes, alleles or chromosomes
112
What are the two significances of genetic diversity
Genetic diversity leads to more stable community
Genetic diversity leads to specieation.i.e., origin of new species - basic step in evolution
113
More species diversity shows more/less interspecific competition
More
