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Biology > biodiversity and conservation > Flashcards

biodiversity and conservation Flashcards

1
Q

how many species of ants are there?

A

20,000

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2
Q

how many species of beetles are there

A

3 lakh

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3
Q

how many species of fishes are there

A

28,000

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4
Q

how many species of orchids are there

A

nearly 20,000

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5
Q

who popularised the term biodiversity

A

Edward Wilson

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6
Q

Edward Wilson popularised which term

A

biodiversity

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7
Q

Rauwolfia Vomitoria grows in which region

A

different himalayan ranges

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8
Q

example for genetic variation is shown by

A

Rauwolfia Vomitoria

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9
Q

Rauwolfia Vomitoria is a ___ plant

A

medicinal

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10
Q

genetic variation of Rauwolfia Vomitoria might be in terms of ___ and ___ of the chemical produced by it

A

potency and concentration

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11
Q

which chemical is produced by Rauwolfia Vomitoria

A

reserpine

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12
Q

reserpine is an ___ chemical

A

active

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13
Q

how many genetically different strains of rice does India have

A

more than 50,000

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14
Q

hoe many varieties of mango does India have

A

1000

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15
Q

give an example for species diversity

A

western ghats have greater amphibian diversity than eastern ghats

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16
Q

which species diversity is more in western ghats than eastern ghats

A

amphibian

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17
Q

western ghats have greater/lower amphibian diversity than eastern ghats

A

greater

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18
Q

give an example for ecological diversity

A

India has a greater ecosystem diversity than Norway

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19
Q

Norway is a ____ country

A

scandinavian

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20
Q

we could lose all the rich diversity in less than ____ if the present rates of species losses continue

A

two centuaries

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21
Q

according to IUCN (2004) total number of plant and animal species described so far is slightly more than ____

A

1.5 million

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22
Q

according to _____, total number of plant and animal species described so far is slightly more than 1.5 million

A

IUCN (2004)

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23
Q

speciec inventories are more complete in ___ than in ___ countries

A

temparate than in tropical countries

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24
Q

large proportion of species are waiting to be discovered in the ____

A

tropics

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25
Q

an estimate given by some biologists on total no. of species on earth was

A

20 to 50 million

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26
Q

estimate given by Robert May places global species diversity at about

A

7 million

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27
Q

who gave the estimate for global species diversity as 7 million

A

Robert May

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28
Q

what % of total species is animals

A

more than 70%

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29
Q

what % of total species did the plants comprise of

A

no more than 22%

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30
Q

among animals, ___ are the most species rich taxonomic group

A

insects

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31
Q

what % of animals does insects make

A

70%

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32
Q

out of every 10 animals on this planet, __ are insects

A

7

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33
Q

the number of ____ species are more than the combined total of fishes, amphibians, reptiles and mammals

A

fungi

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34
Q

the number of fungi species are more than the combined total of ___, ___, ___ and ___

A

fishes, amphibians, reptiles and mammals

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35
Q

the estimates of species diversity doesnt give any figure for

A

prokaryotes

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36
Q

if we accept biochemical or molecular criteria for declining species for _____ group, then their diversity along might run into millions

A

prokaryotic

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37
Q

what % of world’s land area does India has

A

2.4%

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38
Q

what % of global species diversity does India have

A

8.1

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39
Q

what makes our country one of the 12 mega diversity countries

A

8.1% of global species diversity

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40
Q

how many species of plants are recorded from India

A

45,000

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41
Q

nearly 45,000 species of plants and ___ as many of animals have been recorded from india

A

twice

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42
Q

nearly 45,000 species of plants and twice as many of _____ have been recorded from india

A

animals

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43
Q

if we accept May’s global estimates, only ___ of the total species have been recorded so far

A

22%

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44
Q

if we accept ______, only 22% of the total species have been recorded so far

A

May’s global estimates

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45
Q

how many plant species are yet to be discovered in India

A

1 lakh

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46
Q

how many animal species are yet to be discovered in India

A

more than 3 lakh

47
Q

give two patterns of biodiversity

A

latitudinal gradients

species area relationship

48
Q

species diversity increases/decreases as we move from equator to poles

A

decreases

49
Q

species diversity decreases as we move from ____ to ___

A

equator

poles

50
Q

tropics harbor mire/less species than temperate or polar areas

A

more

51
Q

latitudinal range of tropics

A

23.5 degreees N to 23.5 degrees S

52
Q

columbia located near ___ has nearly 1400 species of birds

A

equator

53
Q

____ located near equator has nearly 1400 species of birds

A

columba

54
Q

columbia located near equator has nearly ___ species of birds

A

1400

55
Q

columbia located near equator has nearly 1400 species of ___

A

birds

56
Q

___ at 41 degree N has 105 species of birds

A

New york

57
Q

New york at _____ has 105 species of birds

A

41 degree N

58
Q

New york at 41 degree N has 105 species of ___

A

birds

59
Q

New york at 41 degree N has ___ species of birds

A

105

60
Q

____ at 71 degree N has 56 species of birds

A

greenland

61
Q

Greeenland at _____ has 56 species of birds

A

71 degree N

62
Q

Greeenland at 71 degree N has ___ species of birds

A

56

63
Q

Greeenland at 71 degree N has 56 species of ___

A

birds

64
Q

India has most of its land area in the __ latitides

A

tropical

65
Q

how many species of birds does india have

A

1200

66
Q

give two forests in tropical region

A

Equador

amazon forest

67
Q

equador is a forest in the __ region

A

tropical

68
Q

how many times more vascular plant species does Equador have than Midwest

A

10 times more

69
Q

what species is 10 times more in equadoe than in midwest

A

vascular plant species

70
Q

a forest in the temperate region

A

Midwest

71
Q

Midwest is in the

A

USA

72
Q

The amazonian forest is in

A

South America

73
Q

which forest has the greatest biodiversity on earth

A

amazon forest

74
Q

how many species of plants does amazon forest have

A

more than 40,000

75
Q

how many species of fishes does amazon forest have

A

30,000

76
Q

how many species of birds does amazon forest have

A

1300

77
Q

how many species of mammals does amazon forest have

A

427

78
Q

how many species of amphibians does amazon forest have

A

427

79
Q

how many species of reptiles does amazon forest have

A

378

80
Q

how many species of invertebrates does amazon forest have

A

more than 1,25,000

81
Q

how many species of insects are waiting to be discovered in amazon forest

A

atleast 2 million

82
Q

speciation is generally a function of

A

time

83
Q

Which latitude have been remained relatively undisturbed for millions of years

A

Tropical

84
Q

Which region is subjected to frequent glaciations

A

Temperate

85
Q

Which latitude had a long evolutionary time for species diversification

A

Tropical

86
Q

Tropical environments unlike temperate are less ___, relatively more ___ and ___

A

Seasonal
Constant
Predictable

87
Q

What type of environments promote niche and specialisation and lead ro a greater species diversity

A

Constant environment

88
Q

There is more ___ ___ available in the tropics

A

Solar energy

89
Q

There is more/less solr energy available in the tropics than in temperate

A

More

90
Q

There is more solar energy available in the ___ than in ____

A

Tropics

Temperate

91
Q

What contributes to higher productivity

A

More solar energy

92
Q

Alexander von Humboldt observed species area diversity during his explorations in

A

South american jungles

93
Q

Who observed species area relationship

A

Alexander von Humboldt

94
Q

Alexander von Humboldt was a __ and ___

A

German naturalist and geographer

95
Q

What did Alexander von Humboldt observed

A

Within a region, species richness increased with increased explored area, but only upto a limit.

96
Q

Which taxa had a rectangular hyperbola when species richness and area was plotted (4)

A

Angiosperms
Birds
Bats
Freshwater fishes

97
Q

The shape of graph of species area relationship is

A

Rectangular hyperbola

98
Q

Species area relationship when plotted with ligarithmic scale, what was its shape

A

Straight line

99
Q

The straight line of species area relationship graph is described by which equation

A

logS = logC + Z logA

100
Q

What is ‘Z’ in the equation of species area relationship

A

Slope of line

Regression coefficient

101
Q

Slope of the straight line in species area relationship graph is

A

Z

102
Q

Value of Z lies in the range

A

0.1 to 0.2

103
Q

Does Z depend on the taxonomic group or the region

A

No

104
Q

The range of value of Z is 0.1 to 0.2 regardless of the

A

taxonomic group or the region

105
Q

For species area relationship of larger areas like the continents, the slope of the line becomes much

A

Steeper

106
Q

For very large areas, value of Z ranges between

A

0.6 to 1.2

107
Q

What is Z value for frugivorous birds and mammals in the tropical forests of different continents.

A

1.15

108
Q

____ and ___ in the tropical forests of different continents have a Z value of 1.15

A

Frugivorius birds and mammals

109
Q

Frugivorous birds and mammals in the ____ forests of different continents have a Z value of 1.15

A

Tropical

110
Q

The term biodiversity coined by

A

W.G rosen

111
Q

Genetic diversity maybe at the levels of __, __ and __

A

Genes, alleles or chromosomes

112
Q

What are the two significances of genetic diversity

A

Genetic diversity leads to more stable community

Genetic diversity leads to specieation.i.e., origin of new species - basic step in evolution

113
Q

More species diversity shows more/less interspecific competition

A

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Biology (5 decks)

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