Biodiversity

Question 1

Ecological hierarchy

Called organism, a living thing that can act or work on its own

Answer 1

Individual

Question 2

Ecological hierarchy

Is a group of organisms that are part of the same species living in the same area

Answer 2

Population

Question 3

Ecological hierarchy

Group of populations of different species that live in the same area

Answer 3

Community

Question 4

Ecological hierarchy

Combination of all biotic and abiotic factors

Answer 4

Ecosystem

Question 5

Ecological hierarchy

Composed of all cosystems on earth, referred as the *zone of life *

Answer 5

Biosphere

Question 6

Bio = ?
Diverse = ?

Answer 6

Life
Variety

Question 7

The variable among living organisms

Answer 7

Biodiversity

Question 8

How many types of Biodiversity

Answer 8

3

Question 9

Types of Biodiversity

Variety of generic makeup/appearance within a species

Diversity of Genes, Diversity of Species, Diversity of Ecosystem

Answer 9

Diversity of Genes

Question 10

Types of Biodiversity

Variety of species in a given area

Diversity of Genes, Diversity of Species, Diversity of Ecosystem

Answer 10

Diversity of Species

Question 11

Types of Biodiversity

Variety of habitats, ecosystems, and communities

Diversity of Genes, Diversity of Species, Diversity of Ecosystem

Answer 11

Diversity of Ecosystem

Question 12

measure of the number of different kinds of ecosystems in an area

Diversity of Genes, Diversity of Species, Diversity of Ecosystem

Answer 12

Ecosystem diversity

Question 13

Range of habitats, communities present in an area, and process that sustain the ecosystem

Diversity of Genes, Diversity of Species, Diversity of Ecosystem

Answer 13

Ecosystem diversity

Question 14

Ecosystem diversity

includes terrestrial ecosystems known as biomes

ex: tundra, taigas, tropical rainforests, grasslands, and deserts

Answer 14

Terrestrial Biomes

Question 15

Ecosystem diversity

Living things that depend on water for survival like fish and plants

ex: coral reefs, mangrove forests, seas, and lakes

Answer 15

Aquatic Biomes

Question 16

measure of the number of different species in an area

Diversity of Genes, Diversity of Species, Diversity of Ecosystem

Answer 16

Species Diversity

Question 17

variety of life forms and the number of each species present in a biological community

Diversity of Genes, Diversity of Species, Diversity of Ecosystem

Answer 17

Species Diversity

Question 18

Components of Species Diversity

number of species found in an ecosystem/community

number of species (ex: 3 species in a community, 2 trees, 1 birds, and 9 flowers)

Answer 18

species richness

more species = greater richness

Question 19

Components of Species Diversity

relative abundance/evenness of individuals of each species

evenness of species (ex: 4 trees, 4 flowers, 4 birds in one community)

Answer 19

species evenness

high evenness = greater specific diversity

Question 20

scale of diversity of plant and animal species in an area

Answer 20

biodiversity index

Question 21

widely used tool for estimating complexity, stability, and general health of an ecosystem

Answer 21

biodiversity index

Question 22

total number of living species divided by the total number of living items

ex: there are 4 different types of trees, and there is 20 trees in total ; 4/20 = 0.2

Answer 22

biodiversity index

Question 23

total of the variety of genes of inheritable characteristics present in a population of organisms

Diversity of Genes, Diversity of Species, Diversity of Ecosystem

Answer 23

genetics diversity

Question 24

refers to the number of species per unit area or unit volume

Answer 24

population density

Question 25

number of people divided by land area ## Footnote ex: population density = 10 ducks/(4m)(2m) = 10 ducks/8m ; = 1.25 ducks/m^2

Answer 25

population density

Question 26

# spatial distribution the **specific pattern of spacing among members** of a populations within a specified area

Answer 26

dispersion

Question 27

1. clumped 2. uniformed 3. random

Answer 27

types of dispersion

Question 28

the number of organisms that **can be supported by a given government**

Answer 28

carrying capacity

Question 29

death of many members of a population **due to exceeding carrying capacity** | death of organisms due to cramped space

Answer 29

population crash / dieback

Question 30

can be avoided if some members migrate to a different habitat

Answer 30

population crash / dieback

Question 31

# population growth rate number of individual **births** in a population

Answer 31

birth rate / natality rate

Question 32

# population growth rate number of **deaths** in a certain population

Answer 32

death rate / mortality rate

Question 33

# population growth rate happens when some members leave the group

Answer 33

emigration

Question 34

# population growth rate **movement of individual births** in a population to another group of population

Answer 34

immmigration

Question 35

(births + immigration) - (deaths + emigration)

Answer 35

population change

Question 36

ability of an ecosystem to **maintain its structure and fuction** over long periods of time

Answer 36

ecosystem stability

Question 37

# ecosystem stability physical and geological landscape, diversity, and population sizes of species | Function or structure

Answer 37

structure

Question 38

# ecosystem stability water and nutruent cycling or biomass productivity | Function or structure

Answer 38

function

Question 39

# how does an ecosystem achieve stability when structure and function of an ecosystem **stay normal** despite changes | Resistance or resilience

Answer 39

resistance

Question 40

# how does an ecosystem achieve stability when it can regain its normal structure and function **after a disturbance** | Resistance or resilience

Answer 40

resilience

Question 41

**total disappearance** of all the members/individuals of a certain species

Answer 41

extinction

Question 42

# types of extinction certain population of organisms endemic to a place to die out

Answer 42

local extinction

Question 43

# types of extinction **gradual process** of becoming extinc

Answer 43

background extinction

Question 44

**rate of extinction** which dramatically increases as large population of organisms die out in a short period

Answer 44

mass extinction

Question 45

caused by **catastrophic and global disastrous events**

Answer 45

mass extinction

Question 46

# mass extinction **formation of new species** which survie and evolve in between mass extinctions

Answer 46

speciation

Question 47

**caused by human activities**, threathened species - species that could become extinct

Answer 47

premature extinction

Question 48

# factors that threaten biodiversity - global cooling and warming - asteroid collision - natural phenomena: earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, diseases and epidemics

Answer 48

natural factors

Question 49

# factors that threaten biodiversity - habitat destruction - invasive species - population using too many resources - pollution - climate change - overexploitation

Answer 49

human factors

Question 50

**entails the mating of animals in zoos or wildlife reseves,** where the young are taken care of and released to the wild once and and strong enogh

Answer 50

captive breeding

Question 51

# how can we protect biodiversity? seed stored in **low-humidity environments** to **maintain its viability** for future use | gene bank, botanical garden, wildlife farm

Answer 51

gene bank

Question 52

# how can we protect biodiversity? **provide sanctuary** to some species that may be endangered | gene bank, botanical garden, wildlife farm

Answer 52

botanical garden

Question 53

# how can we protect biodiversity? **ease the pressure** of harvesting animals in the wild | gene bank, botanical garden, wildlife farm

Answer 53

wildlife farm