Biodiversity

Question 1

Community

Answer 1

All the living organisms present in an ecosystem at a given time

Question 2

Population

Answer 2

Group of organisms of one species that interbreed and live in the same place at the same time

Question 3

Habitat

Answer 3

Place where organisms normally lived

Question 4

Ecosystem

Answer 4

All the living and non living components of a particular area

Question 5

What is biodiversity

Answer 5

Variety of life in the world or particular habitat a high level which is importsnt and desirable

Question 6

What are the 3 types of diversity

Answer 6

Habitat
Species
Genetic

Question 7

What is habitat diversity

Answer 7

The range of different ecosystems or habitats within a particular area or region

Question 8

What is species diversity

Answer 8

The number of species and relative abundance of species

Question 9

What is genetic diversity

Answer 9

The number of different gene alleles in a population

Question 10

What is index of diversity

Answer 10

Takes into account 2 things
Species richness and species evenness

Question 11

What is species richness

Answer 11

The number of species present in an area

Question 12

What is species evenness

Answer 12

The number of individuals of species in an area

Question 13

Sampling

Answer 13

Sample a proportion and use calculations to estimate how many individuals there are
- had to be representative
- has to be random to avoid bias

Question 14

What are the 2 types of quadrats for random sampling

Answer 14

Point
Frame

Question 15

Describe point quadrats random sampling

Answer 15

Is a
- free standing frame with 10 pins which is lowered on vegetation
- a record is kept of the number of times out of ten that each species of plant is touched

Formula: % cover = hits
Hits and misses X100

Question 16

Assumptions of Random sampling with frame quadrats

Answer 16

used for plants or immobile animals
- placed at random
- organisms do not move from one quadrat to another
- sample is taken are representative of the population as a whole

Question 17

How to sample at random

Answer 17

-Lay 2 long tape measures at right angle along sides of study area
-Use random generator to get random coordinates
-place the quadrat where the 2 coordinates meet

Question 18

How to do systematic sampling

Answer 18

• lay down transect
• place quadrat at 0m in habitat
• count species in each square
• move along transect at regular intervals

Question 19

What is stratified sampling

Answer 19

Dividing a habitat into 2 areas which look different and sampling them individually

Question 20

Give an advantage and disadvantage of stratified sampling

Answer 20

Advantage- species are not underrepresented
- all different areas of habitat are sampled

Disadvantage- could lead to over representation of some areas of habitat

Question 21

What is opportunistic sampling

Answer 21

When researcher makes sampling decisions based on prior knowledge
he or she deliberately samples an area they know

Question 22

Give pro and con if opportunistic sampling

Answer 22

Pro - easier and quicker to do than random sampling

Con- data may be biased
- Could lead to overestimate of biodiversity

Question 23

Abundance

Answer 23

Number of individuals of a species of a given area
such as frequency and % cover