Biochemistry Unit Test.

Question 1

Active Site

Answer 1

Region of an enzyme where the substrate undergoes a chemical reaction to produce a product

Question 2

Amino Acid

Answer 2

Polymers of molecules that make up proteins

Question 3

Catalyst

Answer 3

Substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction

Question 4

Chemical reaction

Answer 4

Process that changes a substance into a new one

Question 5

Denature

Answer 5

When an enzyme’s structure is damaged

Question 6

Activation Energy

Answer 6

Energy needed to get a reaction started

Question 7

Enzyme

Answer 7

Biological catalyst

Question 8

Monomer

Answer 8

What makes up a polymer

Question 9

Monosaccharide

Answer 9

A simple sugar (a sugar monomer)

Question 10

Atom

Answer 10

Basic unit of matter

Question 11

Compound

Answer 11

Substance formed by chemically combining two or more substances

Question 12

Atomic number

Answer 12

# at top of square
#of protons/electrons

Question 13

Mass number

Answer 13

of protons and neutrons

Question 14

Cohesion

Answer 14

When a substance is attracted to molecules of the same substance

Question 15

Adhesion

Answer 15

When molecules of one substance is attracted to molecules of a different substance

Question 16

Carbohydrates

Answer 16

Ex: bread

Monomer/polymers: monosaccharides/polysaccharides

Function: main source of energy, some plants/animals use this for structural purposes

Question 17

Lipids

Answer 17

Ex: olive oil

Monomer/polymer: fatty acids/ glycerol

Functions: 
1. Long term energy storage
Protection against:
2. Hear loss
3. Water loss
4. Physical shock
5. Chemical messengers (hormones)
6. Major component of membranes

Question 18

Protein

Answer 18

Ex: meat

Monomer/polymer: amino acids

Functions:

1. Storage
2. Transport
3. Regulatory
4. Movement
5. Structure
6. Enzymes

Question 19

Nucleic Acid

Answer 19

Ex: RNA/DNA

Monomer/polymer: nucleotides

Function: to store/transmit hereditary or genetic information

Question 20

Polymer

Answer 20

Large compound made of monomers

Question 21

Polymerization

Answer 21

How macromolecules are formed (large compounds are formed by joining smaller compounds)

Question 22

Polysaccharide

Answer 22

Large macromolecules formed from monosaccharides

Question 23

Product

Answer 23

Element/compound produced by a chemical reaction

Question 24

Reactant

Answer 24

Element/compound that enter into a chemical reaction

Question 25

Restriction Enzymes

Answer 25

Enzymes that act as scissors and cut DNA

Question 26

Substrate

Answer 26

The reactants of the enzyme-substrate reaction

Question 27

Endothermic

Answer 27

Absorbs heat

Question 28

Exothermic

Answer 28

Releases heat

Question 29

Saturated

Answer 29

When the fatty acids hold the maximum amount of hydrogen atoms

Question 30

Unsaturated

Answer 30

When there is at least one carbon-carbon double bond on a fatty acid