Biochemistry

Question 0

Inorganic

Answer 0

Non-living

For example: water is inorganic because it does not contain Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen together

Question 1

JP

Answer 1

Dewey

Question 2

Organic

Answer 2

Organic molecules contain Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen all in the same molecule
Example: 4 organic molecules:
1. Carbohydrates 3. Nucleic acids
2. Lipids 4. Proteins

Question 3

Cohesion

Answer 3

Cohesion is an attraction between molecules of the same substance
Example: Water sticks to itself and causes a surface tension

Question 4

Adhesion

Answer 4

When molecules attract to other substances

Example: water molecules attract to other substances

Question 5

Solution

Answer 5

A mixture where all components are equally distributed
Mixture of liquids
Salt water or chocolate milk

Question 6

Solute

Answer 6

A substance being dissolved

Salt or chocolate

Question 7

Solvent

Answer 7

Substance in which the solute dissolves

Water or milk

Question 8

Carbohydrate/monosaccharide/simple sugar

Answer 8

Monosaccharide and simple sugars are subunits of carbohydrates, and all are macromolecules

Question 9

Lipid/glycercol and 3 fatty acids

Answer 9

A lipid (fat) is composed of one glycercol molecule and 3 fatty acids

Question 10

Protein/ amino acids

Answer 10

Amino acids are subunits of proteins, and proteins are meat, or enzymes

Question 11

Nucleic acid (DNA)/nucleotide

Answer 11

DNA is an example of a nucleic acid
Nucleotide is a subunit of a nucleic acid
Also involves RNA’s

Question 12

Catalyst

Answer 12

Inorganic or organic substance which speed up the fate of chemical reaction without entering the reaction itself
Different from an enzyme catalyst because regular catalysts continuously speed up rate while temperature increases while enzyme catalysts denature after a certain temperature

Question 13

Enzyme

Answer 13

Organic catalysts made of protein
Most enzymes end with -ase
Lower activation energy for chemical reactions
Have 3 functions: Speed up reactions, Digest molecules, synthesize molecules
3 characteristics: specialized proteins made from DNA instructions, shape determines function, must be in correct pH and temperature or will denature
Combine with substrate then break down substrate, but can only break down substrates of the correct shape.

Question 14

Active site

Answer 14

The pocket in an enzyme where the substrate fits

Where the substrate becomes broken down

Question 15

Lock and key model

Answer 15

Show how the enzyme and substrate reaction works

Question 16

Enzyme-substrate complex

Answer 16

Stage of lock and key model where the enzyme action takes place, has the broken down substrate still attached to the enzyme, before it detaches

Question 17

pH scale

Answer 17

Shows how acidic or basic a liquid is

Question 18

Denature

Answer 18

Happens to enzymes when a certain temperature is reached, causing the enzyme to be unusable
Can never be undone

Question 19

Substrate

Answer 19

Molecule upon which an enzyme acts

Fits into enzyme like a key in a lock