Biochemistry 1.8 Flashcards
What are ionotropic receptors?
cholinergic nicotinic
GABAa
What are metabotropic receptors?
cholinergic muscarinic (GABAb)
Which neurotransmitter is released by the preganglionic terminal?
ACh
What are the functions of acetylcholine?
- attention
- memory
What are the functions of dopamine?
- attention
- reward
- decisions
What are the functions of serotonin?
- homeostasis
- sleep
- wake
- pain
What are the functions of norepinephrine?
- attention
- response to stimuli
What is choline acetyltransferase?
synthesizes ACh
What is acetylcholine esterase?
degrades ACh
What is the choline transporter?
reuptakes choline into the presynaptic terminal after ACh has been degraded
What are the dietary sources of choline?
- eggs
- cod
- milk
- liver
What causes fatty liver disease?
deficiency of choline interferes with lipid processing and leads to fat buildup int he liver
Where is 90% of the body’s serotonin (5-HT) found?
intestine
What is the function of serotonin?
- neurotransmitter in CNS
- regulates blood pressure in endothelial cells
- regulates digestion in intestine
From what is serotonin derived and how is it synthesized?
tryptophan
1) tryptophan hydroxylase (adds hydroxyl group)
2) 5-hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase (removes carboxyl group)
