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bio semester 1 > biochemistry > Flashcards

biochemistry Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

matter

A

takes up space and has mass

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2
Q

what is matter made up of

A

atoms

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3
Q

what are atoms

A

smallest unit of matter

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4
Q

where is the proton located

A

nucleus

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5
Q

what is the charge of a proton

A

1+

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6
Q

what is the mass of a proton

A

1 amu

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7
Q

where is the neutron located

A

nucleus

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8
Q

what is the charge of a neutron

A

0

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9
Q

what is the mass of a neutron

A

1 amu

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10
Q

where is the electron located

A

energy shells

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11
Q

what is the charge of an electron

A

-1

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12
Q

what is the mass of an electron

A

0 amu

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13
Q

valence electrons

A

electrons in the outermost shell

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14
Q

element

A

composed of only 1 type of atom

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15
Q

compound

A

2 or more types of atoms chemically combined

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16
Q

if we change protons we change ___

A

the identity of an atom

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17
Q

if we change electrons we change__

A

charge of atom

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18
Q

ion

A

charged atom from +/- electron

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19
Q

+ atom

A

losing electrons

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20
Q

negative atoms

A

gains electrons

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21
Q

if we change neutrons we change ___

A

mass of atom

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22
Q

isotope

A

atom of same element with different masses- different number of neutrons

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23
Q

chemical reactions

A

atoms combine or separate

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24
Q

ionic bond

A

TRANSFER of electrons between atoms

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25
Q

covalent bond

A

pair of electrons SHARED between atoms

26
Q

polar

A

unequal sharing

27
Q

non polar

A

equal sharing

28
Q

polar molecule is

A

charged molecule

29
Q

polarity

A

uneven sharing of electrons causes partial charges on molecule

30
Q

hydrogen bonding

A

weak bond between molecules

31
Q

cohesion

A

attraction between some molecules

32
Q

adhesion

A

attraction between different molecules

33
Q

high specific heat

A

a large amount of heat/energy is required t raise water temperature

34
Q

mixture

A

2 or more atoms/compounds physically mixed together

35
Q

solution

A

evenly mixed

36
Q

suspension

A

mixture of H2O and non dissolved material

37
Q

pH scale

A

measurement of H+ concentration in a solution

38
Q

acids

A

pH is less than 7

39
Q

bases

A

pH is greater than 7

40
Q

buffers

A

prevents large changes to pH

41
Q

water

A

polar molecule-charges

42
Q

monomer

A

single unit

43
Q

polymer

A

many units, joined monomers

44
Q

monomer of carbohydrates

A

monosaccharides (simple sugar)

45
Q

polymer of carbohydrates

A

disaccharides and polysaccharides

46
Q

monomer of lipids

A

glycerol and fatty acids

47
Q

polymer of lipids

A

neutra fats and phospholipids

48
Q

monomer of proteins

A

amino acids

49
Q

polymer of proteins

A

polypeptide

50
Q

monomer of nucleic acids

A

nucleotides

51
Q

polymer of nucleic acids

A

DNA or RNA

52
Q

elements of carbohydrates

A

C,H,O

53
Q

elements of lipids

A

C,H,O

54
Q

elements of proteins

A

C,H,O,N

55
Q

elements of nucleic acids

A

C,H,O,N,P

56
Q

you break bonds by

A

releasing energy

57
Q

you build bonds by

A

absorbing energy

58
Q

activation energy

A

energy needed to start a reaction

59
Q

enzymes

A

proteins that act as biological catalysts

60
Q

catalysts

A

speeds up reaction

61
Q

how to find average atomic mass

A

protons + #neutrons

bio semester 1 (6 decks)

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