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PHARMACY 2 > BIOCHEM LAB_ QUIZ 1 > Flashcards

BIOCHEM LAB_ QUIZ 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Organic molecules that serve as the building blocks of proteins

A

Amino Acids

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2
Q

Short chains of amino acids

A

Peptides

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3
Q

Longer and complex peptides

A

Polypeptides

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4
Q

Structure of Amino Acids

A

Amino Group - left
Side chain or R group - bottom
Carboxyl group - right
Hydrogen - up
Alpha carbon - center

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5
Q

Proton or hydrogen donor

A

Acid

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6
Q

Proton acceptor / accepts hydrogen

A

Base

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7
Q

Molecule that contains both positive and negative charge

A

Zwitterion form

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8
Q

Negative charge in zwitterion form

A

Carboxylate ion

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9
Q

Positive charge in zwitterion form

A

Ammonium ion

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10
Q

Process of formation of peptides

A

Condensation

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11
Q

Happens when the reactive amino group of an amino acid interacts with the reactive carboxylic group of another amino acid

A

Condensation

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12
Q

Librates water molecules

A

Condensation

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13
Q

2 amino acids

A

Dipeptide

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14
Q

3 amino acids

A

Tripeptide

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15
Q

50 amino acids or more

A

Proteins or polypeptides

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16
Q

Aka amphoteric

A

Acid-base property

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17
Q

Act as a base and an acid depending on the reactant involved in the chemical reaction

A

Amphoteric

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18
Q

Acts as a base when an acid is added in the system

A

Amino acid

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19
Q

Acts an an acid when a base is added in the system

A

Amino acids

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20
Q

Results to overall charge of POSITIVE because?

A

Because of the reactive ammonium ion

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21
Q

Donates 1 hydrogen ion to the OH group from the base and becomes an _________ group

A

Amino

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22
Q

Donates 1 hydrogen ion to the OH group from the base

A

Ammonium ion

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23
Q

This results to an overall charge of NEGATIVE because?

A

Coming from the carboxylate

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24
Q

There is a certain pH where is EVENLY BALANCED between 2 forms

A

Isoelectric point

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25
Q

As the dipolar zwitterion with a net charge of ________

A

Zero

26
Q

There is a negative and a positive pole

A

Dipolar

27
Q

As the pH moves away from the isoelectric point, the amino acids may exist as __________ or an __________.

A

Cations and ion

28
Q

As the pH become lower than the isoelectric point, it happens when acids is added in the system. The amino acids become _______ charge.

A

positively

29
Q

As the pH become higher than the isoelectric point, it happens when acids is added in the system. The amino acids become _______ charge.

A

negatively

30
Q

Four different functional groups are attached to it

A

Chiral carbon

31
Q

four different functional group are attached to it

A

CHIRAL CARBON

32
Q

because of this property, the alpha/chiral carbon is assymetric

A

STERIOCHEMISTRY

33
Q

all of the functional groups are the same, but the location of the functional groups are mirror images but non-superimposable

A

ENANTIOMERS

34
Q

amino acids can exist as enantiomers, they exhibit optical property known as

A

OPTICAL ACTIVITY

35
Q

determined by the use of POLARIMETER

A

OPTICAL ACTIVITY

36
Q

positive for dextrorotatory

A

clockwise

37
Q

negative for levorotatory

A

counter clockwise

38
Q

capacity to interact with water

A

polarity

39
Q

hydrophobic

A

Non-Polar Amino Acids

40
Q

water-fearing

A

non-polar amino acids

41
Q

1 amino, 1 carboxylic, and a side chain that polar but neutral

A

polar neutral amino acids

42
Q

1 amino acids, 2 carboxyl group

A

Polar Acidic Amino Acids

43
Q

2 amino groups. 1 carboxyl group

A

Polar basic amino acid

44
Q

Generally soluble in water

A

Amino acids

45
Q

Insoluble in non-polar organic solvents

A

Amino acids

46
Q

Crystal in solids with high melting point

A

Melting points

47
Q

200-300 *c

A

Melting point

48
Q

Tastes of amino acids

A
  • sour or umami
  • tasteless (leu)
  • sweet (gly,ala,val)
  • bitter (arg, lle)
49
Q

Sweet or bitter taste

A

L-amino acids

50
Q

Sweet flavor

A

D-amino acids

51
Q

Formed by acid-base neutralization reaction

A

Salt formation

52
Q

When a base reacts with an amino acid

A

Formation of salt with alkis

53
Q

Chemical reaction that takes place in metabolic processes that involve enzymes

A

Decarboxylation

54
Q

Removal of a carboxyl group from an amino acid

A

Decarboxylation

55
Q

This takes place when an amino acids contains 2 carboxyl groups in the structure

A

Reaction with Ammonia

56
Q

-nH2

A

Amino group

57
Q

Formation of salt with an acid

A

Salt formation

58
Q

The reactive amino group reacts with ninhydrin to form Ruhemanns’ purple

A

Reaction with nynhydrin

59
Q

Quantitative determination of amino acids & proteins

A

Ninhydrin test

60
Q

Transfer of an amino group from an amino acid to a keto acid to form a new amino acid catalyzed

A

Transamination

61
Q

Transfer of an amino group from an amino acid to a keto acid to form a new amino acid catalyzed

A

Transaminases

62
Q

Provides NH3+ for urea synthesis

A

Oxidative deamination

PHARMACY 2 (10 decks)

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