biochem Flashcards
what is the major compounds in the the body ?
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Amino Acids
What are Proteins, DNA, Carbohydrates, and Lipids composed of?
carbon atoms bonded to each other and atoms of other elements
what kind of element bond with carbon atoms ?
Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), Sulfur (S), and Phosphorus (P).
what kind of bond the carbon can make ?
(single, double, or triple) and rings.
What is the use of a functional group in organic compounds?
responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules
what is oxidation ?
the loss of electrons and results in the loss of hydrogen atoms or gain oxygen ATOM or hydroxyl group
what is reduction ?
the gain of electrons and results in the gain of hydrogen atoms or the loss of an oxygen atom.
what is the major anionic substituents ?
carboxylate groups, phosphate groups, sulfate groups (negative charge )
How natural are nitrogen-containing compounds?
usually basic and can acquire a positive charge
what is the types of carbon compounds ?
carbohydrates
lipids
nucleic acids
proteins
what is carbohydrates ?
ALDEHYDEOR KETONE DERIVATIVES OF POLYHYDRIC ALCOHOLS.
what is the sugar if the carbonyl group is a aldehyde ?
aldose
what is the sugar if the carbonyl group is a ketone ?
ketose
what is the monosaccharides?
carbohydrates thatcannot be hydrolyzed into simpler carbohydrates
what is the Disaccharides ?
Resulting from the union of two monosaccharides
