BIO2 QUIZ 1

Question 1

Simple unicellular organisms such as Amoeba and Paramecium depend solely on the

Answer 1

diffusion process

Question 2

Animals need an __ to distribute oxygen

Answer 2

efficient transport system

Question 3

The circulatory system is composed of

Answer 3

heart, arteries, veins and capillaries

Question 4

The human heart is a

Answer 4

hollow muscular organ about the size of a clenched fist

Question 5

The heart lies in the

Answer 5

thoracic cavity protected by the sternum

Question 6

The heart wall consists of

Answer 6

cardiac muscle

Question 7

supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscles through the many capillaries

Answer 7

Coronary arteries

Question 8

collect deoxygenated blood to be drained into the right atrium.

Answer 8

Coronary veins

Question 9

between the pericardial membranes reduces the friction between the heart and the surrounding tissues

Answer 9

pericardial fluid

Question 10

The heart is surrounded by a two-layered membranous sac called the

Answer 10

pericardium

Question 11

carried back to the left atrium via the pulmonary vein. From the left atrium, the

Answer 11

oxygenated blood

Question 12

from the organs and tissues flows back to the heart through veins

Answer 12

Deoxygenated blood

Question 13

blood flowing from the right atrium into the right ventricle is prevented from flowing back by

Answer 13

tricuspid valve

Question 14

blood in the left ventricle is prevented from flowing back by

Answer 14

bicuspid/mitral valve

Question 15

these valves prevent blood from going back into the atria bt thin tissue cords called

Answer 15

chordae tendinae

Question 16

blood in the pulmonary artery and aorta is prevented from flowing back into the respective ventricles by

Answer 16

semilunar valves (pulmonary and aortic valve)

Question 17

contaction action and a pause of heartbeat

Answer 17

systole and diastole

Question 18

normal rate of heartbeat

Answer 18

70bpm, 0.85 seconds

Question 19

contraction of the cardiac muscle is stimulated and controlled by

Answer 19

nodal tissue

Question 20

the cardiac muscle and the heartbeat are characterized as

Answer 20

myogenic

Question 21

first nodal tissue responsible for initiation of heartbeat

Answer 21

sinoatrial node (the peacemaker)

Question 22

second nodal tissue

Answer 22

atrioventicular node

Question 23

penetrates the entire ventricular wall where it branches to form a network of tissue just under the epithelial layer of the heart

Answer 23

purkinje tissue

Question 24

heart rate is controlled by 2 factors which are

Answer 24

hormonal and nervous control

Question 25

nervous control

Answer 25

parasympathetic - decrease/normalize heart rate. control state sympathetic - increase. fight or flight response

Question 26

hormonal control

Answer 26

adenaline - speed up heart rate thyroxine - increase heart rate inadequate tyroid - decrase heart rate

Question 27

factors affecting heart rate

Answer 27

Change in pH of the blood Temperature Body size Gender Age Physical Activity Stress State of health Medication and drugs Environmental factors Smoking and alcohol

Question 28

Caused by the deposition of fats or cholesterol on the walls of arteries causing the artery to become narrow

Answer 28

Arteriosclerosis

Question 29

Blood pressure is the pressure exerted on the walls of blood vessels, especially, the arteries

Answer 29

hypertension

Question 30

usually occurs as a result of a blood clot

Answer 30

Myocardial infarction